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The Role Of Self-Efficacy In Organizational Behavior

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Self-Efficacy: Implications for Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management is an article by Marilyn E. Gist. The aim of this paper revolves around ‘self-efficacy’ and how it is related to organizational behavior additionally it explores ‘self-efficacy’ and how it’s related to some theories by reviewing previous studies. Moreover it discusses the results obtained theoretically as well as the practical test that was executed of self-efficacy for human resources management and organizational behavior.
Self-efficacy is defined as a person’s belief in themselves and their capability of performing a task and is considered vital. The three dimensions of ‘self-efficacy’ include magnitude, strength and generality. Moreover an important aspect …show more content…

Self-efficacy might be part of the Pygmalion effect by “persuasive influence” of others with “positive expectations”. Persuasion is a crucial source of information related to efficacy and is affected by credibility, agreement of multiple sources and knowledge of the source. Persuasive input can include ‘leader’s expectations’ of the efficacy of employees and is considered strong depending on the leader’s credibility. Therefore an employees’ self-efficacy can increase/decrease by the leader’s expectations. Locus of control, a motivational theory consists of both internal and external. However self-efficacy has only been compared to internal locus of control (a person believing that their success is from their own work). When it comes to performing tasks the difference between self-efficacy and internal locus of control is that self-efficacy is specific but internal locus of control is broad. Results of a study portrays that people who had internal locus of control and high self-efficacy performed better at the given …show more content…

A person with internal locus of control may respond more to modeling rather than enactive mastery because like modeling they believe they are in control of their environment. However a person with external locus of control believes that enactive mastery experiences are by luck and also tend to reject modeling. For people with external locus of control, internal locus of control can be increased by enactive mastery and verbal persuasion. But more research is needed to determine what produces the highest self-efficacy and performance improvement. Equal employment opportunity (EEO) is relevant to self-efficacy, in context of EEO general self esteem (not task specific) is different than self-efficacy (task specific). Moreover in the past it was thought that the disadvantaged groups had low general self-esteem however after reviewing the literature it’s portrayed that when it comes to self-esteem there is no difference between the groups. Furthermore research may expose that if the disadvantaged group had efficacy training this might help them to overcome/minimize the barriers to

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Self-efficacy is best explained by Bandura (1995) who says that it "refers to beliefs in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations". More simply, self-efficacy is what an individual believes he or she can accomplish using his or her skills under certain circumstances (Snyder & Lopez, 2007). Self-efficacy has been thought to be a task-specific version of self-esteem. The basic principle behind Self-Efficacy Theory is that individuals are more likely to engage in activities for which they have high self-efficacy and less likely to engage in those they do not (Van der Bijl & Shortridge-Baggett, 2002). I think that this research by Snyder & lopez is particularly relevant to Simons case as.

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In 1966, Julian B. Rotter introduced the term Locus of Control to Psychology. The idea of Locus of Control stems from the studies of people’s reactions to reinforcements, rewards and gratifications and the causes of the differences thereof. Rotter argues that people will react differently if they believe that the cause of the reward or punishment is caused by their own merits or faults, characteristics or behaviors, than if they believe that this outcome is due to external circumstances, independent of them. The former attitude was named internal control and the latter – external control (Rotter 1966) In general, he theorizes that internal locus of control is linked to positive life outcomes, while possessing external locus control results

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Bandura, 1986 highlight self efficacy as one of the most important factor that promote success .He emphasize that self efficacy power is raised by success and lowered by failure and other factors ,but if self efficacy is strong ,well constructed and developed failure has no impact over it . In the other hand Schunk 1998 explain that self-efficacy its not the most important element that influence on the behavior . In order to achieve goals just having a high self efficacy is not going to help the a person to succeed if he does not have required skills or does not develop them . Self efficacy is also important in education in order to improve student motivation Salomon (1984) has found that self-efficacy is positively related to self-rated mental effort and achievement during students’ learning from text material that was perceived as difficult.

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