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Explain Bowlby's Theory Of Attachment

615 Words3 Pages

Bowlby’s theory on attachment highlights that the first bonds that are created by the children and the people who care for them impact on the rest of that child’s life. Bowlby also discovered that attachment helps to keep both the mother and the child close, which in turn increases the child’s chances of survival and their rate of development. “Attachment is a strong, affectionate tie that we have with the special people that are in our lives which lead us to experience pleasure when we are interacting with them” (Laura Berk). This links to the EYFS because in a nursery setting, each child is allocated a key person each. This is an EYP who will then respond to a child’s individual needs, and try their best to help them settling into the new …show more content…

This is because the child can then have someone who they can trust and feel safe with. The child’s key person at the nursery setting can act as a safe and secure base which then allows the child to explore their environment. The child’s key person in a nursery setting should be able to notice if the child’s behaviour changes or if they are not themselves. This can help to protect the child form any safeguarding issues. A key person is feature of the safeguarding requirements for nurseries. “The key person will respond to children’s needs and help them settle into a new environment, communicate is paramount between parent and key person as these discussions hold key information about the child. A Key person will be a point of contact for parents.” (Early year’s careers). This shows that a strong bond at nursery can enable the child to feel safe and to help them to form trusting relationships later in life. “In appropriate circumstance and given sufficient time and attention, children can develop enduring secondary attachment bonds to affectionate and responsive people…Three or more secondary attachment figures in addition to the primary attachment figure can promote self-esteem in children, and is a psychological protective factor that can reduce the probability of mental health problems in the future.” (P.119, Attachment Theory: How to help young children acquire a secure

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The secure babies used their mothers as a base to explore and as a protective safe haven. They were upset when the caregivers left but when they returned, they brought safety to the baby. Babies who had an avoidant attachment, didn’t want their caregiver upon return to the room. The caregivers for these babies may have been unresponsive to their signals of distress. Some babies were also classified as having resistant attachments, and tried kicking or arching their backs when comforted by the caregiver.

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D1/D2/A1 This piece of work will be focusing on a child aged 18 months starting a nursery day care setting. The two key issues that will be looked at in this assignment will be planning, preparing and reviewing for the child to settling into the setting. Secondly I will be looking into the child’s emotional support that the child may need when starting the setting, along with the attachments of the child that will need to be built or have already been put in place. When planning for a child to start a new setting there will be certain things that will need to be taken into consideration, for example; the child at hand may have never been separated from their primary carers beforehand.

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What Is John Bowlby's Explanation Of Attachment

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Perhaps the most influential explanation of attachment was presented by John Bowlby who began developing his ideas in the 1940s. Bowlby presented two key theories, namely the maternal deprivation hypothesis and his theory of attachment, which we shall consider here. The ideas behind these theories are closely linked. Rather than locating the child's formation of attachment within the environment as learning theories do, Bowlby argued that attachment was an evolved mechanism that ensured the survival of the child.

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Having attachment figure present during daycare can play an important role, as children develops a greater emotional knowledge. A study by Pons et al (2004) supports this point “the relationships that children build with their peers and other supporting roles can affect their academic achievements” This suggests that a child gaining emotional knowledge plays an a key part of how they are evaluated and accepted by their peers this comes from 4 of the nine components of emotional knowledge which are; recognition, external cause,desire and reminder Daycare can have a positive effect on a child’s development of peer relationships through letting children negotiate learning and allowing the emotional knowledge which will strengthen throughout their lifetime.

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Attachment theory suggests it is the quality of the relationship between the child and caregiver, which ultimately influences development (Sroufe & Seigel, 2011). Ideally, the child and caregiver should express attunement to one another (Sroufe & Seigel, 2011). Ainsworth’s Strange Situation experiment differentiated the securely attached child from the insecure child through the child’s reaction to the return of her caregiver after periods of separation (Sroufe & Seigel, 2011). The securely attached child “actively greet(s) and initiate(s) interaction with the caregiver upon reunion” (Sroufe & Seigel, 2011, p. 4). The securely attached child develops a positive “internal working model” (Schore & Schore, 2008, p. 12), influencing self-efficacy.

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It is unknown, however, if this is only a protective factor if the secure attachment is with the primary caregiver or if it can be with an alternative caregiver as well. The study also did not clarify if the infants had secure attachments to more than one person or if it was only with one caregiver. This could be important if the insecure attachment is with the primary caregiver who they spend the most time

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The sense of safety provides the child with a secure base in the parent, leading to increased confidence that the child can explore the world (Bowlby, 1969). However, as John Bowlby observed, when the child does not experience sensitive protection from parents, she internalizes that the world is not a safe place, thus develops insecure attachment. These findings have been groundbreaking. As Yellin and White (2012) highlight, the mental health field, along with every human being are indebted to his contributions. They make the following statement regarding his work: “Bowlby succeeded in demonstrating, beyond all doubt, that mental health— our greatest prize—derives from consistent, reliable, and tender attachment relationships between infants and their caregivers (p. 8).

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1020 Words | 5 Pages

Bowlby 's attachment theory had vast investigation done by Mary Ainsworth, who studied the interactions between mother and child, specifically, the theme of an infant’s investigation of their surroundings and the separation from their mother. This essay will focus on Bowlby’s attachment theory and Mary Ainsworth’s experiments and findings, discussing their views on the development and importance of attachment in early life. John Bowlby’s primary interest was in the relationship between child and mother or primary caregiver. Bowlby suspected that the earliest relationships formed by children and their primary parent or care giver, have huge impacts on the child’s later life. From this, Bowlby developed the attachment theory.

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