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Final Essay

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Criminal courts throughout the world, especially in the model countries that we are studying in these chapters, use criminal court to settle disputes. In criminal cases, there are basically two sides in the courts. One side would be the one that is presenting the facts of the case against the other side. This side, normally the plaintiff or prosecutor, is the one showing and proving to the courts why the party on the other side is being charged with the crime that he/she is being charged with.

The other party in the courts, normally called the defendant, is defending themselves to the court and showing the courts why the plaintiff or prosecution is not correct and not proving that the defendant is guilty. The ones that are listening to the arguments vary from country to country. There will normally be a judge, a panel of judges, or a jury, to listen to the arguments of each side and determine which side has better evidence, telling the truth, and whether the law applies in the case.

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Like my previous post, Saudi Arabia is always interesting to me because of the makeup of the country, the belief system, and how a lot of the laws and punishment is from law of religion. In Saudi Arabia, there have been some significant changes to the judicial system that was signed by King Abdullah which is a called the Judiciary Law of 2007. This was to meet high judicial standards and to keep up with the social and economic changes that was happening in the Saudi Arabia’s society (Dammer and Albanese, 2014, p. 177). The countries court system has three primary courts systems. The first-degree courts handle all criminal and family courts cases. Criminal courts are heard by three-judge panel and the other courts are heard by one judge. This differ from many countries that have criminal cases heard by

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In a criminal case, first the jury is selected, followed by a preliminary hearing where it is decided if there is enough evidence for the case to be brought up in the court of law, then an arraignment occurs where the defendant pleads guilty, not guilty, or no contest. After this, the plea hearing begins where the defendant can make an agreement with the prosecutor to make a plea bargain, which is pleading guilty to a less serious crime and giving up the right to a speedy public trial to avoid risk conviction of greater penalty for a more serious crime, after which the trail starts. During the trial, opening statements are given, evidence is presented, examination and cross-examination of witnesses take place, followed by closing statements. Once the trial is finished the judge instructs the jury and they leave to deliberate. The jury returns with their verdict only if the decision is unanimous, if it isn’t the judge orders a mistrial where the trial is called off completely or a new jury is selected.

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