Fundamental Advancement In Healthcare Science

Fundamental advancements in healthcare science
This essay will discuss the three scientific advances that took place over the last twenty years. These advances can be considered as fundamental aspects of healthcare science, allowing us to have a greater understanding of technological, medical, and scientific research. In addition, this also allows us to understand the best diagnostic tools required for the treatment of diseases. Essentially, it is vital to explore these advancements as they unveil the ways in which science is progressing, resulting in possible future scientific advancements.
To begin with, a fundamental advancement in healthcare science (over the last twenty years) is the completion of the 'Human genome project'. The first

They are designed to attack molecular targets, whereas chemotherapy works rapidly killing normal and cancerous cells. The targeted cancer therapy ‘Tamoxifen citrate’ was discovered in 1966, but the first clinical trial approved by 1970 at the Christie Hospital in Manchester managing to increase survival rates for those suffering from breast cancer. Tamoxifen citrate is widely used to treat oestrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer that resulted in decreasing breast cancer. This was supported by an international clinical trial called ATLAS; they believed that further treatment would provide beneficial long-term benefits. This was a longitudinal study and therefore, patients were observed for ten years. Eventually it was discovered that by continuing tamoxifen this reduced the reoccurrence of breast cancer and reduced overall death rates. In addition, breast cancer mortality by 2015 was reduced to approximately 30%. There are several types of targeted cancer therapies that were introduced and used to treat different types of cancer; however, some targeted therapies were approved to treat more than one type of cancer. Targeted cancers therapies help eliminate most of the side effects that would rather result from the usual chemotherapy treatments and avoid the financial

This has become the norm of many surgical techniques, allowing the surgeon access through small incisions inside the abdomen and pelvis. This procedure is also known as keyhole surgery, or minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopy is used to diagnose a vast range of conditions from disease to certain types of cancers that develop inside the abdomen and the pelvis. According to the NHS, (24.09.2015) laparoscopy is frequently used within three areas: Gynaecology, Gastroenterology, and Urology. The procedure involves the surgeon using a tube to help supply gas as well as the instrument laparoscopy which is a thin tube consisting of a light source and a camera used to look inside the abdomen or pelvis making it easier to operate. Dr. Adam Howard (2007) performed the world’s first successful lifesaving laparoscopic (keyhole) vascular surgery. Dr. Howard believed to repair this particular leak known, as Type 1a Endoleak requires a laparoscopic operation a small 1cm length. Laparoscopy is successful due to the various advantages it has such as fast recovery rate, including less pain and bleeding endured after the operation. Dr. Jeffrey Cadeddu (23.08.2007) removed a patients kidney using keyhole surgery, this was the first keyhole surgery involving kidney removal involved a single incision and hardly left a