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Informed Consent In A Psychological Study

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In a psychological experiment ethics is an important part of process. Ethics tells the researcher the correct guidelines to follow in order to conduct the experiment. The experiment that was conducted displays guidelines that were and weren't followed.

During this experiment informed consent was not mentioned in the information that was supplied. This displays that the researcher did not make his participants aware of his intentions before the experiment began. Usually the researcher will inform the participants before they are about to do the experiment but as stated before no informed consent was used during this experiment.

No physical harm was used in this experiment towards the participants but during the experiment, the mental harm of the participants mind or self …show more content…

In an experiment confidentiality is used for the privacy of the participants, making sure no information is leaked to the public. In a usual experiment the participant needs to be assured that they are protected, they also need to be given a ID number, so that the researcher can refer to them throughout his results report. Confidentiality is given so that a participant can answer as honestly as they want without having to worry about the information being revealed. But in this experiment they ignored the confidentiality agreement causing participants from both groups to have personal information revealed.

Throughout this experiment deception was used as a way of getting more accurate results. The researcher informed the participants that they would be taking a test but he did not inform them of their correct results. His aim of the study was to find out which group would do well on a IQ test. The results concluded that the participants from the controlled group did better as they were more confident with their answers. All the participants were informed at the end of the experiment the true intention of the

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The experiment will take place as planned and only stop if an emergency were to unexpectedly take place. If they decide to keep their names anonymous, subjects will be able to tell us and we will do so. Any questions subjects have will be made beforehand and answered, so no problems come up while the study takes place. If requested, tutors/parents of subjects will receive a copy of the rundown of the experiment and results, as well as recordings including their

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Informed consent means to give a patient all the necessary information that is needed to make an informed and voluntary decision or agreeing to a treatment, or research that will benefit them. For doctors to fully obtain informed consent, Henrietta should have been told or given the necessary information about the possible risks and benefits of the research, so that she can have an understanding and make a decision whether or not to participate in the study. The purpose, the procedures, the potential risks and benefits of her being involved in the research should have been given to her, and also the risks and benefits of other options available to her should have been presented to her. She should have also been given time to discuss her decision to consent to the research with her family. If anything, I believe that the consent form was about any mishaps that might have happened during her surgery.

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This can make the patient feel like they are in some sort of control (Privacy and Confidentiality). Making the patient feel like they are in control and respected will help establish the trust between the patient and the researcher. Therefore informed consent in the biomedical research is very important to have and should be

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In 1963 Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment that used subjects to deliver "electric shocks" under the observation of an experiment in experimenter, authoritative figure. The purpose of the study was to observed the connection between obedience to authority and personal conscious. The experiment proceeded with the subject asking a member of Milgram's Team (whom they did not know was a member or Milgram's team) questions, and every time they got it wrong the subject would send an electric shock to the member of Milgram's team. Although the study did not harm the member of Milgram's team. The experiment is still debated on whether it was ethical or unethical.

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This paper delves into the ethical issues surrounding informed consent in medical procedures and proposes strategies to address these challenges. It highlights

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The researcher should inform consent. It is not enough for researchers to get a "yes” or "no” from their participants; the participants need to know exactly what they are agreeing to. Before beginning research, the researcher must make sure they outline what exactly the research is about, and ask their consent before the research begins. Individuals who are 18

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Yet throughout the experiment, the guards began to hit and otherwise physically abuse the prisoners. Once it was established that this consent form was broken,

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Subjects were told to shock a person who they believed to also be a subject if they answered a question wrong. The people getting shocked were actors and were not actually receiving electrical shocks. Many of the subjects continued to give high voltage shocks because they were told to. This experiment was viewed as unethical because of the emotional stress it put on the subjects.

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8.02a refers to a participant’s right to discontinue participation in an experiment. In the Milgram Experiment, the participants were denied of their right and pressured to continue with the experiment by the scientists if they initially protested. These clearly relate as the Milgram Experiment clearly denied the participants of their right given to them in the American Psychology Association Ethical Standards, thereby violating not only their specific right to discontinue service, but their overall informed consent right including a participant’s right to know any potential risks and adverse effects which cause a participant to discontinue participation. Besides 8.02a, the Milgram Experiment violated 8.07b which states that deceptions used in experiments cannot severely harm participants emotionally or physically. This experiment deceived participants into believing that they were actively harming and/or killing the learner obviously severely harmed the participants emotionally.

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“Informed consent is a critical basic safeguard” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.70). Confidentiality on the other hand is also very important because most experiments require some personal information. “Specifically, the researcher must maintain strict confidentiality of the information gathered about participant” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.70). I also noticed that the experiment didn’t specify that any risk to the participants outweigh the potential benefits which has me asking questioning if people didn’t have enough information why would they even agree to doing this experiment to begin with? “The Belmont Report argued that participants in research have the right to know what the study involves, and researchers must give them enough clear information so they can freely decide whether to participate” (Graziano & Raulin, 2013, p.69).

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They must receive informed consent before making any observations, as well as promise anonymity and fair representation to the society. At time, these rules are not followed, and this compromises the

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Informed consent is one of the first doctrines addressed in the American Counseling Association’s (ACA) Code of Ethics (2014): Clients have the freedom to choose whether to enter into or remain in a counseling relationship and need adequate information about the counseling process and the counselor. Counselors have an obligation to re¬view in writing and verbally with cli¬ents the rights and responsibilities of both counselors and clients. Informed consent is an ongoing part of the counseling process, and counselors appropriately document discussions of informed consent throughout the counseling relationship. (p. 4)

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The study organizers did not properly obtain the consent

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For instance, the practitioners are obligated to constantly inform the participants about plans that pertains to interventions (Reamer, 1987). In addition, it is essential for informed consent to include the following: “What is done, the reasons for doing it, clients must be capable of providing consent, they must have the right to refuse or withdraw consent, and their decisions must be based on adequate information” (Kirk & Wakefield, 1997, p. 275). One of the most dehumanizing incidents that occur is the researchers prohibit the participants’ self-determination. For example, the men were compliant with receiving treatment and to be examined by the physicians.

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Informed consent is the process by which the treating health care provider discloses appropriate information to a competent patient so that the patient may make a voluntary choice to accept or refuse treatment. (Appelbaum, 2007)1 It originates from the legal and ethical right the patient has to direct what happens to her body and from the ethical duty of the physician to involve the patient in her health care. In order for the consent to be valid, the patient must be competent to take the particular decision; have received sufficient information to make a decision; and not be acting under stress.2,3 This may be an issue if consent is obtained upon the day of surgery. Most patients will have firmly decided to proceed for surgery. However,

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