Interaction World View Summary

Reaction World View: Human as the bio-psycho-social-spritual beings. People respond to external environmental stimuli in a linear, causal way. Human beings are viewed as inherently very still, reacting in a reactive way to external environmental stimuli. Behavior is viewed as a straight chain of cause and effects,or stimuli and responses. Change happens just for survival and as a outcome of predictable and controllable precursor conditions. Change happens just when the human being must adjust behaviors to survive. Only objective phenomena that can be confined, watched, characterized, and measured are studied. Knowledge is developed only about objective, quantifiable phenomena that can be secluded and observed, characterized in a solid way,

People are active, and interactions between human being abnd their environments are reciprocal. The individual is viewed as intrinsically and spontaneously active. The individual and the environment connet in a reciprocal way. Change is a function of numerous antecedent variables, is probabilistic, and may be consistent or may be just for survival. Changes in behavior happen all through life as the aftereffect of multiple factors within the individual and within the environment. Reality is multidimensional, context- dependent, and relative. Both objective and subjective phenomena are contemplated throught quantitative and qualitative methods of inquiry.

Simultaneous Action World View: Unitary individuals are recognized by pattern. The individual is more than and different from the whole of parts and is perceived through patterns of behavior. Individuals are in mutual rhythmical interchange with their environments. The individuals change constantly, unpredictable, and toward more complex self-organization. The phenomena of interest are personal knowledge nad pattern recognition. It is inner encounters, emotions, values, thoughts, and choices of

This pattern of knowing is critical for nurses, because they are constantly seeking to identify forces that stand in the way of maximum health and well-being for all people. It emphasizes the universal human desire for liberation. Praxis is the process of emancipatory knowing, and it requires both critical reflection and action.

Ethics : The moral component of nursing

- It provides a framework of how nurses should conduct their practice. It inquires experiential knowledge of social values and ethical reasoning. The main focus is on matters of obligation, what ought to be done, right/wrong and responsibility, ethical codes of nursing, confronting and resolving conflicting values, norms, interests or principles.

Personal knowing: The self and other in nursing

- It is concerned with becoming self-aware (genuine Self) that grows over time through interactions with others. It is utilized when nurses engage in the therapeutic use of self in practice. It is most fully communicated as an authentic, aware, genuine self. It is the basis of the therapeutic use of self in the nurse patient