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Juvenile Justice: The Equal Protection Clause

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I think Justice Harlan‘s prediction was spot on correct. The ruling in this case did hugely impact the country in exactly the way he described it at first. For years there were many protest, anger, death caused by the segregation. The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment did not guarantee anything against private segregation. They did make it known that things just had to be equal. That is where "separate but equal." came in. Why the court ignored his warning is not clear, but I think it‘s because they turned their cheeks away from this threat thinking that they had everything under control and that this unfairness in segregation wouldn‘t actually become a threat.
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Technically, the Court did not here decide that segregаtion between whites and blacks was permissible, but the Court did not hesitate in ratifying school segregаtion as а whole. Аfter the research, it was found thаt there is propеr construction of section 207 of the state Constitution of 1890, which

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The predictions made by Justice Harlan were accurate, as he thoroughly predicted on what the ruling entailed. The ruling allowed for the ignorance of the amendments that protect the rights of colored citizens and allowed them to stay as citizens. In the Plessy v. Ferguson case, the ruling ended up impacting the country in the way he described with aggressions being stimulated. Colored people lost many of their rights that were granted upon the passing of the 14th and 15th amendments, and they were faced with violence and prejudice. A rift between the colored and white was created with colored being labeled as being inferior to whites.

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In 1950’s many lawsuits were filed in Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, Delaware and the District of Columbia on the same struggle of African American elementary school students who attended segregated schools. Despite differing somewhat in the details, all alleged a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment.

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This showed the logical steps he used to show the world what was wrong with segregation and what it did to the people of

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Although the decision may have caused some concern, Roger Baldwin made sure that nobody was left in the dust from the path to true equality. As said by him, “I always felt from the beginning that you had to defend people you disliked and feared as well as those you

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They were a lower class with separate schools, water fountains, restaurants, and seating on public transportation. They faced varies forms of oppression and race-inspired violence. Could you imagine the fear they felt being beaten for the color of their skin and origin. A trait they cannot control. In 1954 the United States Supreme Court passed the “separate but equal” doctrine.

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With taking it to higher authority it made its way to court. Brown believed something wasn’t right, so when taking it to court he [Oliver Brown] found that laws were being broken. The Topeka school had been breaking the 14th Amendment or the so-called equal protection clause either with or without the own knowledge of knowing. “Brown claimed that schools for black children were not equal to whites schools, and the segregation violated the so-called equal protection clause of the 14th

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“What can more certainly arouse race hate, what more certainly create and perpetuate a feeling of distrust between these races, than state enactments which, in fact, proceed on the ground that colored citizens are so inferior and degraded that they cannot be allowed to sit in public coaches occupied by white citizens?”- John Marshall Harlan. On May 18, 1896, the Supreme court passed the separate but equal act on a vote of 7-1. This allowed separate facilities to be made for whites and blacks. This was the result of the Plessy vs Ferguson case, where a man was forced out of a whites-only car because he had African descent. The Supreme court couldn’t find any differences in the train cars, yet separate facilities for blacks had a decrease in quality.

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It was a 7 to 1 decision. The decision was that separate but equal was legal as long as no discrimination was shown. They believed that "so long as separate facilities were actually qualitatively equal, the constitution did not prohibit segregation in the view of the majority of the court," as stated in the second

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The ruling thus lent high judicial support to racial and ethnic discrimination and led to wider spread of the segregation between Whites and Blacks in the Southern United States. The great oppressive consequence from this was discrimination against African American minority from the socio-political opportunity to share the same facilities with the mainstream Whites, which in most of the cases the separate facilities for African Americans were inferior to those for Whites in actuality. The doctrine of “separate but equal” hence encourages two-tiered pluralism in U.S. as it privileged the non-Hispanic Whites over other racial and ethnic minority

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This caused segregation laws to still be apparent even in the civil rights

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I think Justice‘s Harlan‘s predictions that because of the court‘s ruling, society would come to the belief that the two races were not created equal, did come to pass. After the court rejected Plisse‘s argument, more segregation did happen in many areas. The ruling did impact the country in that it allowed segregation to exist in business and public places furthering the idea that one race was inferior to the other. I think the rest of the court ignored his warnings because they didn‘t think prejudice should be regulated by the law. They didn‘t believe that forcing the two races to exist together would overcome racial prejudices and that the 14h Amendment was not created with that intention.

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On May 18th, the final decision was a 7-1 vote, saying “separate but equal”, one court member was absent due to illness. Justice Henry Billings Brown concluded the case by saying, “Segregation does not in itself constitute unlawful discrimination,” (Oyez.org). This decision upheld state imposed racial segregation (Oyez). It also formed the basis of segregation for about fifty years (worldbookonline). The “separate but equal” doctrine stated that black and whites could have separate facilities, as long as they were equal (Oyez).

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President Eisenhower, in his address to the country, more specifically the people of Arkansas, discusses the inevitable situation involving racial segregation occurring in Arkansas. Eisenhower’s purpose is to convey to the country that he will fight to preserve the decision that the Supreme Court came to on racial segregation. He adopts a personal tone in order to convey to the people of Arkansas that he understands how they feel in this situation. After establishing that he will do whatever is necessary to protect the rights of the students and connects with the Arkansas people by addressing the fact that his decision wasn’t based on his personal beliefs, Eisenhower shifts his focus to validating the citizen’s feelings of anger and feeling slighted. Eisenhower through logically crafted arguments asserts that he will use his powers to ensure the students’ rights aren’t withheld.

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Can you imagine waking up behind closed walls and bars? Waking up to see your inmate who is a 45-year-old bank robber and you are a 14-year-old minor who made a big mistake. This is why minors who have committed crimes should not be treated the same as adults. Some reasons are because the consequences given to minors in adult court would impact a minor’s life in a negative way. If a minor is tried through a juvenile court, they have a greater chance of rehabilitation.

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