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Natural Selection Lab Report

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Abstract Natural selection is investigated in this lab with the use of varying plastic phenotypes represented by spoons, forks, and knives to determine if natural selection will occur. Each phenotype went through five generations competing against each other for food to determine if they will survive and reproduce. We hypothesized the spoon phenotype would be the most suitable trait to obtain food, therefore being the adaptive trait through evolution. After the simulation, it was confirmed the spoon was the dominant phenotype suggesting natural selection and evolution did occur. Introduction Natural selection is a major factor in determining which individuals survive and reproduce, often decided by limiting factors such as food, space, or …show more content…

This change in portions of a population over time matches Charles Darwin's thoughts on evolution (Millstein 2021), which we aim to evaluate in our experiment. We intend on doing this study by using knives, forks, and spoons to represent plastic claws in an environment and having them compete against one another, having beans as their main resource. We hypothesize spoons will become the dominant trait over generations of natural selection due to it being the best trait to scoop as many beans as possible. Materials and Methods This experiment started with 3 groups, each representing the different phenotypes of plastica. One group was spoons, the second was knives, and the third was forks. Each group starts with only one member. This simulation went through five rounds which represented a different generation each round. With each round, the groups had four minutes to accumulate as many beans as possible. There were three beans in this experiment, each plastica could gain, each with different values. White …show more content…

Based on the first set of data, only the knife and spoon phenotypes could reproduce after round one. This led to the fork phenotype dying out after the second generation as seen in both graphs. Which makes this phenotype the least fit for our environment? Even though the knife population reproduced, they could not compete with the spoon population. As seen in Table 1, the knife population increased from one to four, however slowly dropped in population as later generations appeared. Meanwhile, the spoon population increased from one to five after round one, reproducing the most of all phenotypes. In the following generations, the spoon population showed signs of eventually taking over the population due to taking up at the most 71.4% of the plastica population twice as seen in Table and Graph 2. The initial hypothesis that the spoon phenotype would take over through generations of natural selection was accepted due to the spoon phenotype taking over 50% of the population following round one and steadily growing, meanwhile other phenotypes slowly died out. Similar results appeared in another study regarding the evolution of phenotypes. The University of Michigan conducted an experiment evaluating tadpole phenotypes with and without predators

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For instance, forks accounted for 33% of the population while spoons accounted for 67% of the population---knives were once again extinct by the second generation (Table 2A). In the third generation, spoons accounted for 100% of the population (Table 2A). As for prey in the grass habitat, in the second generation, black beans accounted for 16.58% of the population while, green beans accounted for 27.69%, white beans accounted for 29.35% and pinto beans accounted for 26.37% of the population (Table 2B). In figures 4A and 4B, it is easier to note the changes in percent population since the three generations and the final percent of population (after the three generation) are

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Bean Beetle Methods draft Writeup Would different beans, other then mug bean make the bean beetles produce less offspring. In this group project we conducted a hypothesis that argues, If using different beans for reproduction other then the mug bean, then they will produce less offspring. the dependent vearable is number of offspring and the independent veraible is the different type of beans. when conducting this experiements we used method of division, replication, and messureing.

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How long did it take for the populations to evolve into different populations with different colored coats? Did gene mutation cause a change in the coat color between populations of the Rock Pocket mouse? Hypothesis: Alternate hypothesis: Rock Pocket mice have different coat colors that help to their advantage that depend on their location through evolution. Null hypothesis: Rock Pocket mice don’t have different coat colors that help to their advantage that depend on location through evolution.

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To observe the bean beetles and bean beetles changes to see if oviposion choice or preference for the bean of its origin. The hypothesis is to determine if bean beetless oviposition is determined by bean beetle place of birth. I predict the bean beetles will choose their place of oviposition themselves on the mung beans in the petri dish due to their origin. This is a controlled experiment, in which we used independent, and dependent variables.

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The reason for this is because the organisms with the least helpful phenotypes will be eaten by predators while the organisms with the better phenotypes will live on to breed, thus shifting the gene pool to go in a certain direction. I am able to move a total of 5 generations forward and each and every time I move the allele frequency will change to favor the superior phenotype, thus representing the

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In the beak lab, you had to get a certain amount of seeds in a 30 second time period. If you had gotten enough seeds, you won and lived on to pass your genes. To be able to collect the food needed a species that cant fight for themselves is gonna have a hard time staying alive let alone reproduce.

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Introduction The purpose of this lab was to visually show how evolution occurs through natural selection. The lab showed the gradual development of the prey and predators throughout the generations. The way the “species” evolve is natural selection, in which better adapted species survive and reproduce, creating more of the adapted species. The predator adaptations are skills and traits represented by the plastic cutlery that are developed through evolution and natural selection and help them catch prey.

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In directional selection, one extreme of the trait distribution experiences selection against it. The most common result is that the population extreme will shift toward the other extreme. An example

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Innate behaviors evolve like other physical characteristics. They both influenced by Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection. This theory has been tested many times; is supported by hypotheses, laws, facts, and inferences; and has predictive power. The theory tells us that animals have different alleles caused by small mutations in the DNA. These alleles give animals an evolutionary advantage making it more likely that their DNA is going to be passed down to the next generation.

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Due to the difficulties with producing red or green it is expected that yellow will have the most generations based on sheer numbers. Since any surviving green or red pasta will still be able to breed with yellow, this experiment does not technically show natural selection, but one can still observe how the selection process might work. In order for natural selection to occur there would need to be new species formed, not just one species which has

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What is natural section? Natural selection is the process where organisms that can adapt to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. This process was discovered and proven by scientist Charles Darwin during the mid-1800’s. This process is key to science because it explains the central idea of how nature is designed. Natural selection is a key component to life on Earth.

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The environment plays a factor in a species over time because animals may not be made for that environment. We can tell how a species has changed over time by looking at the history. All of these four factors can show us how a species has changed over time. Individuals that win competitions are able to pass on their genes to future generations, which means they can pass their traits down. In the fruit loop activity, we found that the fit and fast individuals were more likely to survive.

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ISHA NAIR 17060321124 EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY ASSIGNMENT “Evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection”. It relies on the fact that there is a genetic variation in the population which affects the phenotype (physical characteristics) of an organism. It involves mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, thought and technology.

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