Apartheid was the segregation of black and white people within South Africa during 1948 until 1994. The black Africans were stripped of their rights, they had to gain permission to work or even live in certain areas and were only allowed to travel on certain sides of the street. These immense inequalities lead to the development of a liberation movement, The African National Congress in 1912, their initial aim was to fight for the rights of the black people of South Africa.
The African National Congress’ first president was John Langalibalele Dube, he was the leader from 1912- 1917. Over the years until the present time there have being a number of presidents who have taken on board the responsibility to keep the movement alive. Over the years there have being 14 presidents in total, the current president is Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma. He was elected in at a conference in 2007, in December of 1994 he was elected national chairperson of the Congress and on the 6ht of May in 2009 he was elected President of the Republic of South Africa. From 1952-1958 Nelson Mandela was the deputy president, Mandela then became president of South
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The ANC’s resistance was non violent throughout the 1950s and in 1952 a defiance campaign was launched, volunteers were involved in law breaking activities such as entering “white” parks and breaking curfew and refusing to carry their identity passes, around 8000 people were arrested for their involvement. During the 1970s the protests became violent and there was armed resistance from members of the ANC, attacks on police stations and car bombs were now form of protest. This new use of violence was sparked by the Sharpeville massacre in the 1960s. Police killed 69 protesters and injured another 180; this was the event that led the ANC to harden