Nursing Case Study: Self-Esteem Studies

The case study we have been given is about a women named Sarah who is 38years old married women with two children age, eight and ten. Five years ago she developed multiple Sclerosis, the progress in her illness have been very rapid, and she now needs support in most of her daily living activities. She has a carer that comes in every morning to help her get up, get dressed, wash and make breakfast for her and her two children. She can eat independently as long as the food preparation is well thought-out. Sarah has to use a catheterization for bowel movements. She can walk with two sticks on a good day and on a bad day she uses a wheelchair because she can barely walk. She used to work full time in a school but now because of her illness, she

Sarah self-esteem needs to improve, how this can happen is to go to groups to see how other people deal with the same issue she is having. She thinks she can't keep up her job which she likes, so this will bring her mood down, if she can’t teach anymore she should try staying on at the school just in a different job that’s easier on her. She could go to an occupational therapist to help her movement in her hands and faces and make a goal to use the computer again to try to make an achievement even though it’s just a little one. Her family should reinforces this, her keeping her job and going to occupational therapist Skinner says operant conditioning refers to behavior which operates on the environments in order to produce an outcome, actions are immediately followed by rewards (reinforcement) are repeated and learn whereas actions or behavior which are not followed by reinforcement are dropped (O'Brien human growth and

These are called a defenses method (Meggitt+Thomson 2004). It’s a healthy way of coping with life’s stresses. This is in a short term basics, there are seven defense mechanisms Sarah is not going through all seven stages but you don’t need to be in all of them. Repression where you face painful or frightening memories and feelings out of your conscious. Sarah isn't repression that she has MS but she is repression any idea of repute and how it will help her, she just wants to go on like nothing has changed. Denial is another defense mechanisms that Sarah is going though, she is in denial when it comes to going to repute, she just won’t accept that she needs to go, she thinks it just her family sending her off because she a nuisance to them. She feels displaced because she might have to give up her job, then be sent away for a while, she has to feel like she doesn’t have a places anymore. She is going through projection, it’s when you redirect your feeling or impulses towards a substitute objects or person. Sarah is saying to herself am a nuisance to everyone, when really it’s just her thinking she a nuisances herself. Kubler also deals with denial, saying it a response of a temporary state of shock (O'Brien 2008 H+G) Erikson was a student of Freud, he proposed a stage of theory of psychosocial development of the personality. Erikson describes eight