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Opposing Views Of Sartre On Existentialism

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It seems that Sartre’s goal in this essay is to define existentialism and to defend it against certain critics. He specifically brings up objections made by the communists and the Christians. The first objection that Sartre addresses is that the philosophy of existentialism leads to inaction due to the lack of possible solutions. Sartre combats this accusation by pointing out that existentialism revolves around the idea that “existence precedes essence”. Thus, there is no inherent human nature that one can point towards to excuse oneself from any sort of behavior. Humanity is completely free, or as Sartre would say, humanity is “condemned to be free”. We always have a choice, and through these choices we can create for ourselves a meaning.
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Sartre commented that, “We should refer here to Hegel’s statement: ‘Wesen ist was gewesen ist.’ Essence is what has been…Essence is all that human reality apprehends in itself as having been.” What does Sartre mean by this proclamation that existence precedes essence? He makes his meaning clear that the human reality of man first “surges up in the world and defines himself afterwards.” Further, “Man is nothing else but that which he makes of himself.”

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So are we really free,

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Exercise Three In chapter ten we read about Jean-Paul Sartre a French philosopher that deals with questions regarding authenticity. Sartre deals with the question of choices and how even our choices in life are authentic or inauthentic depending on what we choose. Sartre explains that as humans we always have a choice, what we choose reflects whether we are authentic or not. He explains that we always make a choice whether it be to choose or not to choose.

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While this omits conflict and errors in judgement, without freedom we as humans have nothing.

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According to Sartre “man is condemned to be free. Condemned, because he did not create himself, yet, [he] is free; because, once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does” (Sartre 425). Sartre’s argument states that people are condemned because humans do not create themselves, however, they are allowed to choose who he or she becomes and what they do. Therefore, although humans may not have been the creators for his or her own existence, humans have the capability of being the creators for who they are after birth. Thus, unlike the belief that everything is set in stone once an individual is born, humans are granted the ability to control his or her own lives, and the freedom to determine what his or her purpose is.

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Argumentative Essay on Jean Paul Sartre’s No Exit Philosopher, Jean Paul Sartre, in his play, No Exit, displays the ideas of his existential philosophy through the backstories and characteristics of three main characters. Existentialism is the idea that humans are nothing but their own conscious existence. In discussion of existentialism, one controversial issue has been whether existence precedes essence or essence precedes existence. On the one hand Sartre argues that man is an independent individual, determined by his will alone .

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Behind the facade that many may place on their exterior to the unwitting world, lies deep within their being a most decrepit and cynical nature that resides within all, waiting for the chance to unleash itself. It is at the very moment that something is placed at the mercy or submission of the individual or, when all else fails, that the facade fades away like a clearing fog, and the illusion is lost. The nature of human beings, being arguably inherently cynical, when given the opportunity exposes itself making it a “Hell” to all those who may succumb to their devilish nature. Sartre explores in his work, No Exit, human nature through the lens of absurdism. Through his use of literary devices such as similes, symbolism, and diction as well as characterization, and the exploration of the plot, Sartre demonstrate and explores that Hell is indeed other people.

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With no freedom, humans are trapped in an enclosure where we barely fit. We’re alive, we’re still breathing, but is there any purpose to that life we’re living? With freedom being such a large part of human rights, it is essential to the function of the American democracy.

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Our past will always be part of our present. Jean-Paul Sartre, a 1940’s French existentialist poet, wrote the play No Exit and he made it clear through Joseph Garcin humans are always stuck in their past. In the play, Sartre provided many literary devices to enrich the reader's experience of the play. The first main character introduced, Joseph Garcin, asks the Valet questions about his post death location. The Valet enlightens Garcin with the harsh truth that nothing will happen to them, because their bodies have become incapable of doing much else other than think.

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Man is not predestined, but irrationally thrown into the world. His existence precedes his essence and when he stops existing so does that essence. The existentialist believes that there is no life after death, therefore, humans have a finite amount of time to create meaning in their life. Because Sartre says that man is only the sum of his actions, he is saying that when man leaves the world his wishes and beliefs become irrelevant. Only his actions leave an impact on the world.

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Perhaps Sartre 's obscure way of thinking can be traced back to his childhood - he was a small and cross-eyed little boy who generally did not fit in with the “ordinary” children. The way that he was treated and viewed by others forced Sartre, at an early age, to view people, thoughts,

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Sartre’s believes that an individual’s personality and self-concept is not built upon a pre-existing model or purpose. Sartre’s view of “existence precedes essence” confirms the absence of a predetermined essence in the individual, and that the individual’s essence is constructed solely through how that individual crafts their life by the use of free will. Moreover, Sartre sees how an individual defines themselves with their actions and the idea that the individual is responsible for said actions. The concept that man first exists then encounters himself all the while living his life and then afterwards, defines himself, is Sartre’s belief that we as individuals begin as nothing and only through our actions and how we shape our lives can we

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“Condemned to be free,” a quote from Jean- Paul Sartre, a atheistic existentialism philosopher who had a different view on human nature also known as existentialism. Sartre strongly believed that humans were free to create their own nature without a God, and were not made to have a purpose in life (pg. 67). I found this philosopher very interesting because I agree with believing that humans are fully responsible for their own actions. In addition, as Sartre stated, “we must suffer the anguish of own decision making and accept responsibility for its consequences,” which means that even though humans have the right to make their own choices, they also have to be responsible for the pain that comes along with it (pg.67). For example, someone who decides to kill another person out of their own free will.

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The argument Jean-Paul Sartre, a French philosopher, presents on existentialism helps to prove the foundation which is “existence precedes essence”. Existentialism is normally understood as an ideology that involves evaluating existence itself and the way humans find themselves existing currently in the world. For the phrase existence precedes essence, existence’s etymology is exsistere or to stand out while the term Essence means “being” or “to be” therefore the fundamental of existentialism, literally means to stand out comes before being. This can be taken into many different ideas such as individuals having to take responsibility for their own actions and that in Sartre’s case the individual is the sole judge of his or her own actions. According to him, “men is condemned to be free,” therefore “the destiny of man is placed within himself.”

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