The First amendment also protects speech (Hall,2016.) The plain language of the clause, several words mean something different than what is plain (Hall, 2016.) First, the clause limits the authority of Congress, but in reality it limits all three branches of the federal government (Hall, 2016.) Second, the term speech is used (Hall, 2016.) The Supreme Court has held that more than the spoken word is protected (Hall, 2016.) All forms of expression, non-verbal, artistic, written and visual are protected by the Free Speech Clause (Hall, 2016.) Third, as is true of all the amendments, there are exceptions, even though not recognized by the text of the Amendment (Hall, 2016.) From the options listed above the “placing of a hand over one’s heart