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Lazarus Psychological Stress Theory: What Happens For Their Well-Being And Coping

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Two concepts are centralized to The Lazarus psychological stress theory: Appraisal (i.e., individuals’ evaluation of the significance of what is happening for their well-being, and Coping (i.e., individuals’ efforts in thought and action to manage specific demands). The theory states that stress is regarded as a relational concept meaning stress is not defined as a specific pattern of physiological, behavioural, or subjective reasons. Instead, stress is viewed as a relationship between individuals and their environment (Krohne, 2002). Likewise, the study is focused on stress, the factors that affect it, and the environment that stress inhabits in. Several factors were used in the research to identify the external factors that may cause stress …show more content…

This concept is necessary in order to explain individual differences. In the study, the appraisal concept is used in the questionnaire as a means of measurement for motivational disposition in the coping mechanisms section. Appraisal has two basic forms: Primary appraisal concerns whether something of relevance to an individual occurs and Secondary appraisal which concerns coping options. In relation to the concept of appraisal, since, this study focuses on the level of stress of different people and the factors causing stress, the researchers, through the analysis of the tabulation results of the survey, could possibly evaluate the conditions of the respondents based on their responses to their stress level in a specific factor. Being limited to the same group of individuals as respondents, which specifically are students in the accountancy program, the respondents’ current state with regards to the effects of stress in their studies, would most likely be assessed by the researchers having enough data of dealing with the different factors of stress. Moreover, aside from the analysis of the key factor for understanding stress-relevant transactions which is known as the concept of appraisal theory, another concept of the Lazarus theory is the coping concept which is likewise relative to this …show more content…

The theory distinguished these types into three: Harm, (psychological) damage or loss that has happened, Threat, anticipation of harm, Challenge, results from demands that a person feels confident about mastering. These kinds of psychological stress would likely be used in the study to classify the different psychological stress the respondents encounter based on the factors that affect their stress level. Like for example, if most respondents claimed that the most stressful factor is the grading system, the researchers could analyze and classify the current condition of most students having the basis of these three types of stress namely, harm, threat and

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Stress can be seen in everyone’s life but not everyone reacts to stress in the same way. A friend who just lost his job that helped him cover tuition costs might feel very stressed out. He could have many different potential reactions to his job loss but if one were to apply Lazarus and Folkman’s cognitive theory then he would not be too devastated by this stressful event. With this situation, he would engage in primary appraisal, secondary appraisal and a stress response to tear down the stressful event and figure out what he will do.

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The theory of Lazarus (1993) is related to the appraisal, stress, and coping and the theory of Ursin and Eriksen (2004) is related to the cognitive behavioural coping that is being used as the theoretical framework in Papers I, II, and IV. The term coping is considered as the defence and it is originated from the psychoanalytic theory being introduced by Sigmund Freud. The theory reflected the processes for defence to be used by the ego for defending against the anxiety through the representation of unacceptable internal impulses. Freud (1979) further claimed that the ego used the processes for defence not for unacceptable internal impulses but also against the threats imposed externally. Different authors have reflected the concept of defence as different aspect from coping while reflecting it as harmful at different extents (Kim et al., 2010; Heim et al., 1997).

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Second appraisal is defines as how an individual facing a stressor and how they coping the situations. Coping of a certain situations could help the individual to get healthy emotional and physical conditions due to great plans they make when dealing with an event and how they change the way, they feel and think about a stressful condition. Based on all of these theories, it is important to analyze the problem of stress including the sources and the way to handle such events according to these three models. It is important to define stress according to these theories because it is clear that the pattern of disease caused by stress cannot be explained simply by physiological factors

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