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Psychological Theories Of Juvenile Violence

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Aggravated assault is when an individual attacks with the intent to kill or inflict severe bodily injury with a use of a weapon (Patel, 2018). The number of serious violent offenses committed by individuals ages 12 to 17 has declined by 61% from 1993 to 2005 yet juveniles continue to be responsible for committing about 24% of violent crimes (Greene & Heilbrun, 2014). In order to report a crime committed by a juvenile, the perpetrator has to be under the age of 18 years old (about 12 to 17 years old). Juveniles under the age of 18 committed 22,363 offenses of aggravated assault in 2016 (FBI, 2018). The information stated does not specify on race or gender but generally, any gender and any race could be a perpetrator of criminal act, especially …show more content…

Juveniles use violence for many different reasons such as to belong to a group, be able to adjust to their environment, get rewards that are unattainable through social norms, and to express internal anger (Khromina, 2007). With this being said, the conflict theory is compromised of four major factors. First, individuals are shaped by social conflict due to the occurring conflict of limited resources. The second factor is the reasoning behind the conflict. The third factor is the dominating groups in society that are caused by conflict over resources and the last factor are the unfair influence that the dominant groups have over society (Khromina, 2007). There is constant competition in society because of the underprivileged being oppressed. Due to the poor qualified schools, lack of economic opportunities and struggles to keep themselves safe, whether that is physically, emotionally, and/or mentally, they turn to violence to improve their situation and release any inner anger they have inside themselves. “Conflict is a permanent part of society and cannot be eliminated with the removal of social classes in society” (Khromina, 2007) as it is impossible. We must focus on youth as a whole rather than only focusing on delinquents. Another theory that can cause juvenile violence is social learning theory, which might be one of the many huge factors that play a role on juvenile violence. Social learning theory is where a “person’s learning and social experiences determine behavior” (Meena, 2016). If children were to witness aggressive behaviors get rewarded, they will react with the same behavior they have watched. Social learning theory emphasizes on three social contexts: familial influences, subcultural influences and symbolic models. Familial influence is where children

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In order to begin to solve this problem we must look at the real root of the cause, not simply the “little sparks” that cause these violent crimes, but the reason for the built up anger that causes the

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Some major findings in this study were that participants were significantly more violent than the average juvenile delinquent. They were also asked about the most serious crimes that they had ever committed finding that among the 34 participants, 5 terrorist threats, 5 murders, 2 attempted murders, 1 manslaughter, 12 burglaries, 11 strong-armed robberies, 9 assaults with a deadly weapon, 8 drug possessions with intent to deal, 6 gun possessions, and 5 shootings. There were many preexisting risk factors that included exposure to violence, vicarious victimization, and criminal and delinquent acts. In the aspect of their future expectations, they mostly had negative expectations. When the young males were asked about future risks, they really felt like they would be the victim of a violent crime or even shot at.

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High rates of violence, unchecked gang activity, and overcrowding persist in Division of Juvenile Justice facilities where many youth sentenced as adults start their incarceration. Fights frequently erupt in facility dayrooms and school areas”. If the system continues to expose juveniles to more violence by sending them off to adult prison then problems get worse by slowing their development to

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Summarise 2 theories about groups and how they relate to groups living with children and young people (see below). Albert Bandura's theory of social learning places great emphasis on observing and imitating the attitudes, behaviours, and emotional reactions of others. This theory states that people acquire new skills through imitation, reinforcement, and observation. According to social learning theory, when children and young people live in groups, the actions of peers, caregivers, and authority figures around them can affect their attitudes, behaviours, and social skills. The social and emotional development of children and adolescents can be enhanced by positive role models and the reinforcement of desired behaviours by the group.

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The horrific stories that have been all over every news channel for the past few months about school shootings are hard to watch, but in reality less than two percent of homicides of youth between the ages of five and eighteen happen at school. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), youth violence is the intentional use of physical force or power against another person, group, or community, likely to cause physical or psychological harm. Although cases of youth violence have dropped since 1992, youth violence is still the third leading cause of death of youth ages fifteen to twenty-four, and is a major problem in the United States. Youth violence is a continuing problem in the United States, and this case proves why. On October 18, 2017, five teens set out to have some fun.

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Social learning theory will be used to examine the basis of learned behavior, specifically early exposure to violence, and how the behaviors observed by an individual may later become imitated in one’s relationships. Conflict theory will also be used to examine

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First, the Social Learning theory is defined as when people or in this case juveniles learn from each other from either observation, imitation, or modeling. The version of this theory

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The way a child was raised and by who, has to do a lot with how a young adolescence may transform into violent behavior. Much of the time, there are parents who do not pay much attention to their kids because of factors, such as work, bills, and other convenient adult responsibilities. Children that are merely exposed to violence are more likely to commit a crime. As stated earlier, the crime population is increasing amongst the youth group, and the court system avoids the turning point on crimes committed by

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He describes the adolescent years as a time when we are most immature during our thinking processes. Because of this, teenagers are more argumentative due to underdeveloped reasoning abilities. They believe they are invincible and take risks. (Psychosocial Development Theory) Erik Erikson’s theory of Psychosocial Development may also provide an interesting explanation for the prevalence of teenagers in gangs.

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We learn from the things we experience, the things we see, and the people with whom we associate. We learn from our surroundings , experiences, acquaintances, friends, and family. Contends that we learn aggression like any other behaviour-by watching others and imitating their behaviour” (2014). This theory explains that people act and do illegal things because that is all they have been taught. Those in gangs who may use violence to resolve conflict and/or establish a respectable name for themselves have been surrounded with those who do the same thing.

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United States: Greenhaven Publishing. The book provides various opposing viewpoints regarding the cause of juvenile crime and how the criminal justice system should treat juvenile offenders. Each argument highlights the main risk factors for juvenile crime. For example, gang plays a large part of juvenile violence.

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Introduction Juvenile delinquency due to gang relation has increased drastically. Many people fail to realize that gangs have a considerable influence on the decisions juveniles are making. Adolescents are easily influenced by the members of the gangs and manipulated to commit certain crimes. As juveniles they are not mentally and emotionally mature to make such critical decisions, which in turn allow gang members to manipulate and control the youth they recruit. Juveniles become a part of gangs for several reasons, including, gaining protection, governmental, and social issues.

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Several theories declare the connection between child abuse and crime. One of the earliest theories was originated by Sigmund Freud in 1896. Freud 's Repressed Memories theory shows that abusive memories are indirectly stored in the victim 's subconscious. In other words, a subject blocks out painful or traumatic experiences. This could lead to hysteria, and other complications in adulthood (Richmond).

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That is, those results are more reasonable and believable. Also, social learning theory highly values person-in-environment, which can more comprehensively analyze human behavior with influence of social environment (Li, 2009). Besides, although the research on social learning theory focused on children, it does not ignore the roles of teachers, parents and elder family members in children’s lives. Actually, this theory encourages them to be a model and engage in children’s behavior learning process while the concepts of this theory is easy to understand.

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Esbensin, Peterson, Taylor and Freng (2010) implies that “ young people who have committed serious violent offenses have the highest level of impulsive and risk-seeking tendencies.” Moreover, extreme violent criminal activity being performed in front of youth increases the risk of them performing acts of extreme violence themselves. Because youth see those acts as acceptable so committng those violent activities make youths to become ruthless. Smith and Green (2007) assert that violent activities becoming ruthless and the perpetrators even more ruthless.

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