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Searle Vs Turing

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How computers work so well has always been in question. For example, when someone goes on google translate or uses a calculator, the computer gives back the answer within seconds. The question though is, how does the computer give these answers so fast?, do computers have minds? To try and answer these question, two very important men, John Searle and Alan Turing tryed to answer them the best that they could. John Searle and Alan Turing both came up with ways to prove or not prove that computers think. John Searle is an American philosopher who has significantly contributed ideas about the philosophy of the mind (Fotion). Alan Turing was an english mathematician and educator who developed the turing test to try and prove if computers have minds. …show more content…

The test consists of three people, a man or woman (A), a computer (B), and an interrogator of either sex (Hauser). The interrogator proceeds to ask questions to both (A) and (B). The challenge for the interrogator is to chose which one out of (A) and (B) is the human and which is the computer (Hauser). The Turing Test's mission is to try and challenge the interrogators decision when trying to decide between the computers answers and the humans answers. This test was made to try and answer the questions, do computers think? Or do computers have a mind? Even though the humans answers and computers had great answers and seemed the same, computers would never be able to mimic actual humans and would never be as smart as us (Hauser). The Turing test was one of the most important tests to try and prove if computers have minds or …show more content…

The example used is if the computer understands Chinese, but Searle shows that a computer can not understand but can mimic the understanding of the language. Searle writes that if a computer is given a question in Chinese, then they will go all the way back into their memory (Byrne, Cohen, Rosen, Shiffrin 388). Computers have numerous amounts of files in their databases that they always go back into to get correct answers to the questions asked. Even if the answers are as good as native speakers, computers have been programmed to do that and make the computer's sound fluent in the language or intelligent in the subject asked. Did computers understand languages like those native to them or know everything in a subject like someone who is an expert in their field?, or were they just programmed like that (Byrne, Cohen, Rosen, Shiffrin

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has a human mind because the A.I. is creating to pass this exam. Nowadays, A.I. can do only a task that exactly decided, for example automated drive, doing chess game, or Siri in the iPhone. In addition, there is a problem of language. Even if the A.I has a great system of managing language, it is impossible to use language in true meaning. It is only the ability that human have.

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Alan Turing, born in 1912, not only helped shape today’s technology but aided the Allies during World War II. Known as a computer scientist, cryptanalyst, mathematician and logician who proved that there does not exist algorithmic method of proving anything is correct in mathematics. Turing and other mathematicians invented a code braking machine that was used to decoded thousands of messages from the Nazis forces. Alan Turing contributions to the world was tremendously important as he helped create the first electronic computing device.

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In his essay “Minds, Brains, and Programs”, John R. Searle argues that a computer is incapable of thinking, and that it can only be used as a tool to aid human beings or can simulate human thinking, which he refers to as the theory of weak AI (artificial intelligence). He opposes the theory of strong AI, which states that the computer is a mind and can function similarly to a human brain – that it can reason, understand, and be in different cognitive states. Searle does not believe a computer can think because human beings have programmed all the functions it is able to perform, and that computers can only compute (transform) the information it is given (351ab¶1). Searle clarifies the meaning of understanding as he uses it by saying that an

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In Alan Turing’s paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence, he proposes a thought experiment that would eventually be tested, and even later be beaten. He describes an experiment where a man and a woman are in two different rooms and an outside observer has to guess at the sexes of the participants. He then suggests that one of the participants be replaced with a computer. Once humanity is unable to tell the difference and will guess that the computer is human at the same rate that it will guess that it is a machine will answer Turing’s thesis of, “Can machines think?’ (434).

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Supporters of computationalism and strong artificial intelligence claim that computers are capable of intelligence and other cognitive states if they are programed correctly. Therefore, computers can explain how human cognition performs. I contend that John Searle is correct in his claim that computers are incapable of understanding language and are, therefore, unable to explain human cognition. I begin the essay with Searle’s Chinese room argument, and explain how he uses it to prove that computers cannot understand language as they operate on syntax alone, where syntax is insufficient in producing understanding. Thereafter, I provide a description of the robot reply to the Chinese room argument, which states that a robot with a computer insert and sensory apparatus would be able to achieve understanding, a view which Searle argues is still insufficient.

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In a world of vastly evolving technology, artificial intelligence is becoming more talked about. There is a lot of controversy of whether artificial intelligence is actually, intelligent, and therefore conscious enough to make choices based on free will. A test of intelligence is the Turing Test. However in the film Ex Machina, the machine, Ava, is not hidden from the person determining whether or not she is intelligent.

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The Turing test has become the most widely accepted test of artificial intelligence and the most influential. There are also considerable arguments that the Turing test is not enough to confirm intelligence. Legg and Hutter (2007) cite Block (1981) and Searle (1980) as arguing that a machine may appear intelligent by using a very large set of

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