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Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory Of Personality

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3. Psychoanalysis: A Synoptic View

3.1 Freudian Psychoanalytical Theory of Personality
Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory of personality argues that
Human behavior is the result of the interactions among three component parts of the mind: the id, ego and superego. Conflicts among the parts of the minds shape behavior and personality. These conflicts are mostly unconscious.
And
Psychoanalytic Theory is a framework for understanding the impact of the unconscious on thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Freud emphasizes the lasting impact of early childhood events and adult personality development.
And
Freud believed that the mind is made of two parts- the conscious mind and the unconscious mind- and that the unconscious mind often prompts people to make certain decisions even if they don’t recognize it on a conscious level.
Complementing the topographical model, Freud proposed a structural model of the mind that the mind includes three parts: id, ego, and superego. The id is unconscious and active at birth, and encompasses all of the instinctual and bodily wishes. It operates according to the “pleasure principle” which has as its sole goal the immediate gratification of all urges. The ego operates mostly out of the “reality principle”, which accounts for reality factors and social norms that
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Originally from Austria, Sigmund Freud was a trained neurologist who was particularly interested in the human psyche. Over many years, Freud developed a theory to explain human behavior, what we refer to now as “Freudian Psychology.” First, he divided the mind into three levels, and used the analogy of an iceberg to help others understand it. On the surface, Freud identified the Conscious. It is here that most of our decision making and ideas are processed.

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One of Freud’s theories is that the “Id – Ego combination dominates a person’s behavior until social awareness leads to the emergence of the superego, which recognizes that

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Freud’s theory of personality states that the id, ego, and superego

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If we as helpers believe that a clients is acting on their present every day life situatuon due to what has happened in their past, we as helpers will be more interested in practing a theory that empasises in helping that client with their past experiences. The main point of Freuds Theory “Phenomenolgical Theory” is to deal with the structure of the clients personality. According to Freud, a human beings personality is made up of three distrinct structure, id, ego and superego found on page (120) of the “Okun/Kantrowitz” text in the book “Hums 250 Working with individuals Columbia College Edition.” The id is though as the clietns “primal urges' things like fufilling the need to eat, sleep and gass on genes to future generations. The main concern of the id for the client to to get immediate gratificate, the id is also located in the unconscious part of the clients

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The Id is based on a want or pleasure principle, it is mainly unconscious. The ego tries to realistically satisfy the wants of the id and the superego. The ego develops during the first two years of life. ‘Conflicts between the id and the superego are especially frequent because the id’s demands for immediate gratification are often inconsistent with the moral standards of the superego.’ (Eysenck, 1998, p433).

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Psychoanalytic        Theoretical Views Name of theory: Psychoanalytic Theory Founder of the theory: Sigmund Freud View of human nature (include innate capacities/capabilities and motivational constructs): Sigmund Freud viewed human nature as being deterministic and influenced by both sexual energy and instincts (Corey, 2017). He further identifies that soon after birth instincts drive our desire and force internal motivations into the reality of which we live. Although unconscious desires are the driving forces of existence in the beginning, it does not remain the only force through out our lives. We begin to develop into a conscious being as we recognize the world around us. Our external world introduces the conscious mind by showing us moral code, paternal expectations, and presumptions of societal ideology.

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Freud developed the theory, now referred to as the Freudian theory, which argued that personality is formed through conflicts of the three core structures of the human mind: the id, ego, and super ego. The id is our born instincts, ego is our sense of reality, and superego is our morality trigger. Freud amplified his theory by developing psychoanalysis, also known as the talking cure. Freud would encourage his patients to talk freely on his couch and clear their minds. Their disturbing and sometimes symbolic explanations of their unconscious thoughts launched his study into dreams.

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Psychoanalysis was first introduced by Sigmund Freud and is now known as classical psychoanalysis. The theory, as defined by Sigmund Freud, is the dynamic between underlying forces that determine behavior and personality. He stressed the importance of human sexuality, childhood experiences, and the unconscious processes. However, his theory was seen as misogynistic and narrow focused. Consequently, classical psychoanalysis was criticized and rejected by many scholars.

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Over the years, many theories have been developed to study the human personality. Some of the notable theories are psychoanalytic theory, trait theory, humanistic theory and behavioural theory. In this assignment, we have chosen to compare and contrast the psychoanalytic and humanistic theories. Psychoanalytic Theory

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Recognizing the division of personality in the,”ID”Ego”, and Super ego and that the unconscious is an important part of who we are and noting that anxiety plays a big function in how one reacts to the world at large and highlighting Freud’s theory on defense mechanism to help one cope with such anxieties. Core Philosophy of the Therapeutic Approach The most important underlying ideas relating to the psychoanalytic theory was mainly influenced by Sigmund Freud, one of the most famous names in Psychology, his Psychoanalytic Theory formed the bases of many current psychoanalytic theories. He was the first to discuss the unconscious mind and its role in human behaviour. Freud believed that there were three levels consciousness the first he labeled s the unconscious mind which exist outside of an individual’s awareness at all times.

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Introduction Sigmund Freud is the great theorist of the mysteries of the human mind and a founder of the psychoanalysis theory which was formed in the 1800s, the theory is well known for accessing self-identity and the self in different ways in order to discover their different meaning, (Elliott, 2015). Buss (2008) states that Sigmund’s theory of Psychoanalysis offers a unique controversial insight into how the human mind works in a way that, this theory provided a new approach to psychotherapy, thus it means that it provided a new treatment for psychological problems that even highly qualified doctors couldn’t even cure. (Buss, 2008) According to Cloninger (2013), Erik Erikson on the other hand is the founder of the psychoanalytic-social Perspective which is mostly referred to as psychosocial development theory, Erikson became interested in child development when he met Anna Freud and he trained in psychoanalysis and with his Montessori diploma, he become one of the most influential psychologist of the 20th century.

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In 1923, Sigmund Freud proposed his theory that the make-up of an individual’s personality is largely governed by three fundamental components: the id, the ego, and the superego. Working through the unconscious and shaping behavior according to psychological fixations and conflicts or lack thereof, these elements evolve through five levels of psychosexual development (Freud, 1962). However, in spite of its compelling approach to the phenomenon, Freud’s structural theory of personality is riddled with limitations and as such, is subject to much criticism. The mind is layered into three states: the conscious, referring to the thoughts currently in our forefront; the preconscious, idle thoughts that can be easily accessed and brought to the conscious; and the unconscious, which houses the more instinctual drives that are repressed because it threatens the conscious’ equilibrium (Cloninger, 1996).

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The first aspect is the psyche which is structured into three, the id, ego and superego, all develops at different stages in our lives. The id is an important unconscious structure that contains basic instinctual drives when we are born. Freud believed that the id is based on our pleasure principle. For example, a baby needs or wants something such as milk, the baby

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(Freud, 1949) Help is provided to the clients to enable them strengthen their EGO and protect it from being in any conflict between their ID and SUPEREGO. This theory is used to rectify the client’s character and their system of personality if found to have issues. The theory aims at making the unconscious, conscious by releasing the repressed emotions and experiences. Psychoanalytic theory also aims at helping clients work through their developmental stages not previously resolved well to solve the problem of fixation.

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