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Pros and cons of in vitro fertilization
Literature review on in vitro fertilization
Pros and cons of in vitro fertilization
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Jessica Cohen, a graduate of Yale, has written the essay “Grade A: The Market for a Women’s Eggs” regarding her experience on donating her eggs to a fastidious infertile couple. The primary reason for her consideration was $25,000 that the couple was willing to pay for the right donor. Although such large amount of money sounds extraordinary to a college student, Cohen wasn’t qualified for the couple’s satisfaction due to her credentials therefore Cohen would not be creating their “perfect child”. She explains many viewpoints of the process of egg donation, health risks correlating with egg donation, and the medical process of conception from donated eggs. After all, creating the ideal child is too easy especially if the person can afford it.
Medi-Cult Case Analysis Medi-Cult, a biotech company based in Denmark, has developed a new alternative to In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) called In Vitro Maturation (IVM). These methods are used to help infertile couples have children. IVM significantly reduces the time needed to mature an egg from 30 days to just 2 days. Importantly, it is a relatively hormone-free treatment thus sparing women a number of psychological and physical side effects. Because the side-effects tend to be much-lessened, women at risk from hormone-related condition such as polycystic ovaries are offered the option of safer fertility treatment.
In Vitro Fertilization treatments involving numerous cycles increases a woman’s chance of multiple pregnancies; consequently, it results in an increased risk of premature birth and lack of healthy weight in IVF newborns (Storck). Additionally, IVF treatments pose some financial drawbacks for its recipients. IVF is extremely expensive once all the components--”surgery, anesthesia, ultrasounds, blood tests, processing the eggs and sperm, embryo storage, and embryo transfer”--are added up to show one IVF cycle’s expenses, which can be between $12,000-$17,000; likewise, infertility treatments are not typically covered by insurance companies, adding to its cost even more (Storck). With IVF being costly both financially and emotionally to many recipients, plus the added stress
About thirty to thirty-five percent of women under thirty-five do not have success with IVF, according to The American Pregnancy Association. Another pro to this procedure could be for a family wanting more than one child. Multiple eggs are harvested in some cases. The doctor can freeze the eggs and harvest them for a later procedure. It is very beneficial because a person would only be paying for one time of harvesting, not multiple times.
To some, international adoption, to some its just an option but to many future parents it is the only way. Having children is sometimes not in the possibilities for certain couples and people. To have the opportunity to adopt is a way for couples unable to have children to fulfill their wish of becoming parents, and also improving the life of a child. Even though adoption is choice it has created controversy and many aspects of the process are still being debated today. International adoption has been an option since the 1930's around World War II, since then, there are laws enforcing and questioning whether the quality of life of these adoptees truly improves when taken out of their culture and country.
Is reproductive technology harmful to children? While advancements in any technology are usually celebrated, there are some who claim that conceiving a child by sperm or egg donor is morally unacceptable. There are always a few who oppose reproductive technology based because they believe children have the right to be raised by both biological parents, but it is unreasonable to say that this type of advancement is damaging to any child born. Donor-conceived children not being raised by both biological parents not immoral, and the growth of reproductive technologies should be encouraged.
From the first sight adoption seems to be simple as there are many children who are in need of loving parents and there are a lot of people who desire to have full-grown family and bring up a child. But each case of adoption is unique, depends on a large amount of factors and circumstances. There are a lot of reasons why one or another person takes a decision to use adoption. Commonly it is associated with infertility. Surely, many couples come to adoption after years of unavailing attempts to have a biological child.
For generations women have been the one’s to carry on the human species. At one time in history simply having children was a job. Women that are infertile may feel inferior to other women and although there is adoption wouldn’t you want a child that was technically your own? It is recommended to just choose a surrogate mother. The price for a surrogate mother currently be as much as triple the price of cloning.
However, reproduction is the exact opposite of simple and easy. In some cases, the male and/or female may be infertile. There are numerous causes of infertility, for example: hormonal imbalance, environmental conditions, autoimmune disorders,
The term “pro-choice” has fallen out of favor when the American public. Planned Parenthood Federation of America (PPFA) recently discovered that the word just does not seem to have the power to motivate the general population in the way it did when it was first coined. And while other pro-abortion groups may continue to use it, Planned Parenthood is attempting to cast a wider net by abandoning it all together. In the modern media culture, the term “pro-choice” has been used for everything from abortion-on-demand to giving parents the option to choosing what kind of school their child can attend throughout their life.
While some people belief that by using IVF the people are destroying the natural cycle of life. They belief that a baby should be born through a natural process and that by using IVF the people are “playing God”. They also argue that IVF “dehumanize women and reduce them to empty vessels waiting to be filled with babies for the benefit of men” (Farris Naff 19). They believe that women go through the process of IVF because they want to satisfy their partner instead of themselves. Even though, IVF can be convenient for women, it is known that IVF can have some bad outcomes to some.
One con is that there can be a termination of embryos. This means a miscarriage and that wouldn’t be good because you would pay so much money for the baby and the baby could die. There is also another con and that is that there is a possibility of there being damage to the gene pool. In other word this means that it can increase or decrease the genes in the baby and the next generation. Also the genetics of the baby can come out imperfect.
IVF is advocated for mid-aged women, because it stimulates the ovaries and it is a reliable alternative of possibly being a parent. Nevertheless, if the IVF inquiry cannot produce any more healthy eggs, there are substitute options such as finding an egg donor, vice versa with her partner. Aging is something that you cannot stop and in my opinion it shouldn’t be the factor for having children, which is one of the reasons why IVF was developed. The route to being a parent can require a lot of process, although I believe in what IVF can offer due to its successful
The choice in itself being tough involves medical risks too whereas there is always a bright side. Countering these are also some pros of the procedure. The self-blame game, the regrets of not being able to fit into the ideal motherhood and family life cut down to almost zilch. Egg Freezing as a process doesn’t have dependency on anybody else except for you, which makes it easier to opt for. It gives a woman enhanced reproductive health and so much more time to concentrate on things that cannot wait.
Gestational surrogacy uses in-vitro fertilization by taking the egg of the biological mother and the sperm of the biological father and placing the embryo into the uterus of another individual. Surrogacy is performed for many reasons including: same-sex marriage, damaged uterus, age, history of miscarriages and other medical conditions. Although surrogacy is the safest option for most people, it raises many legal issues. Legal issues include the following: legal parents, refusal of custody from surrogate to biological parents and surrogacy contracts. Although surrogacy is efficient and effective, it is not a reliable
