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The Pros And Cons Of Genetic Counseling

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Genes are the biological makeup of any living organism. More specifically, genetics control much of all human traits. In the future, genetics may become more simple to understand and control, which may also lead to more manipulation of an offspring’s genes. After watching a series of films in biology class, it has become more evident what role genetics play in everyone’s everyday lives. Genetic counseling is the giving of advice to prospective parents concerning the chances of genetic disorders in a future child. By using modern technology and the patient's genetic history, doctors and specialists in this field have discovered a way to reproduce with the best odds of survival for the future offspring. In the distant genetic future, it is …show more content…

This is because many people who leave their decisions up to chance typically feel more comfortable talking about the disease because they do not know how it specifically affects them. Whereas an infected patient may have a harder time discussing the disease that infected them and is a part of their life. It is thought that only doctors should have the knowledge to someone’s genetic information because it is not a topic that is openly or commonly discussed, but rather only for serious decisions and private discussions. The genetic information nondiscrimination act, otherwise known as GINA, is a law that protects people from being discriminated, or biased, due to their genetics. GINA also explains the misuse of genetic information and how it is illegal. Gattaca displays how a misuse of genetic data can result in a massive issue. Specifically, when Vincent almost gets discovered by the authorities, who are not supposed to have that genetic information because that data should be private. This topic is also exhibited in Choice not Chances, mostly due to the genetic counselling that takes place between only the patients and the doctors. In essence, privacy is very crucial to a society that depend on information and facts more than a society that relies on chance, or even a higher …show more content…

It is considered that genes control almost every part of a person, except for outside forces that can sway a person in one direction or another, regarding decisions and the way that person thinks and often how they present him or herself. A person’s fate can have many different factors besides genetics, like relationship or activities. Many people that play sports are also vulnerable to aspects of their destinies being adjusted for multiple reasons. It is exhibited in Do You Really Want to Know? when the possibly affected family members decide to be or not to be tested for Huntington’s because they know that their outlook on life will change once they are aware of their state. Furthermore, in Twitch, Kristen acts as if every day is her last because Huntington’s is a disease that can change a person’s personality and view on life immediately. Fortunately, Kristen does not let it affect her and her destiny. In all, genetics are just a piece of information, but it does not have to change anything about someone’s personality or their

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The Perfect “Scientific” Impulse Nathaniel Comfort portrays the evolution of genetic medicine from the 19th century to the present. Scientists, statisticians and other distinguished individuals contributed to the idea of eugenics and its relation to genetic medicine. Three central concepts that support the central idea of the story include: positive and negative eugenics, genetic medicine and the eugenic impulse. Comfort’s argument focuses on the idea that medical genetics and eugenics have one major aspect in common, THE EUGENIC IMPULSE. Society looks down upon eugenics; however, medical genetics is glorified and seen as a scientific accomplishment.

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This disease is called Huntington’s disease (HD). [1,2,3] While some differences between Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s are noticeable, the similarities are striking. The similarities in causes, symptoms and treatment of both PD and HD are the most apparent. At first, PD is caused by some genetic factors, and HD is, too. [4,5] Like PD, HD has equal movement symptoms that are characterized by an abnormal way of movement such as walking in *an unbalanced way.[6,7] Also, both PD and HD affect the patient’s personality and memorizing ability, which usually leads to cause depression and forgetfulness.

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America and the world are starting to creep into the realm of Brave New World in tampering with human genetics to create the babies that society desires. In Brave

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As discussed in the article, the ethical issues surrounding pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PES) are genetic fatalism and the 'new' eugenics movement. Drawing on these concepts and my stance on the interconnection between Eugenics and PES, this essay argues that selecting genetic traits through PES is unethical. This essay's argument will be achieved by first discussing the context of the article. Secondly, in an isolated analysis, I will discuss how genetic essentialism and fatalism can potentially undermine the autonomy and dignity of individuals whilst using a phenomenological framework and discussing choices involved in one's life. Then I will discuss the issue of 'new' eugenics, a free market system of eugenics, which can lead to further social inequalities for those deemed less desirable.

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Parkinson’s affects the central nervous system eventually leads to triggering in the hand. Alzheimer 's is a disease that affects the memory and important mental functions. Dementia is when a person think a lot which interferes with their daily functions. Huntington’s an inherited condition when nerve cells starts to lose the ability over a period of time. Athletes who come in contact with sports are more like like to get it because in a game there is usually hitting each other or even getting injured dramatically.

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wanted. Children do not like to be treated differently from others. Feelings of sympathy can lead to a vicious cycle. The child has the disease, others sympathize, which leads the child to feel sorry for himself, and the cycle continues. The knowledge that a child has Huntington’s disease can present problems for the parents in obtaining insurance for the child.

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Imagine knowing if a child will have a genetic disorder such as Down Syndrome. Or if the child will obtain Alzheimer's disease as they grow old? Ponder the stress of having an outcome of such a life changing result, and watching the child grow up with the constant remind of the fatal disease that awaits them. This is becoming a depressing reality for people worldwide knowing their pre destined fate or future diagnosis due to Prenatal Genetic Testing. Prenatal Genetic testing shows whether or not if the fetus has certain mutations or disabilities.

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At the beginning of the Progressive Era, 1890, the reform efforts were primarily to “clean up the nation’s cities,” but as the momentum cycled into full swing it turned into a much larger project than originally anticipated (Schultz 2014). The two main groups who were involved were the followers of Social Gospel and women, but later, as interest increased Progressivism found its way into political circles and other forums. The middle class was especially attracted to the idea, but only if it did not intrude on their everyday lives which turned out to be impossible. Moreover, as it grew it changed shape to influence how administrators were selected, how our education systems developed, and it aided in improving the workforce community. The primary reason for the spread of Progressivism throughout the nation was by the media, otherwise through journalism (Schultz 2014).

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Brown, Gotham & Marsden (1987) conducted a study to show how cognitive impairments can be observed in people with Parkinson’s disease. They found that the deficits of Parkinson’s disease have a close similarity to damage of the prefronatal cortex. When patients were off levodopa they had an impairment of verbal fluency. Huntingtons disease is a motor disorder that is passed down from generation with rapid deteriation that starts of as a slight fidgetiness and can cause dementia. Bossy-wetzel, Petrilli & Knott (2008) state that due to the fact that Parkinson’s disease occurs so late in life, the effect on the brain that it has is not entirely

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According to Munson (2014), through genetic screening or testing, birth of infants with debilitating or crippling defects can be avoided. Also through testing, disease and illness could be eradicated because the gene that causes the disease or illness would not be passed on to the next generation. This is consider eugenics. Some in the medical field have a negative feeling towards this, as if to be playing God. There are others in the medical field on the extreme end feel that laws should be developed that couples with known genes that cause genetic disorders must not have children or if they do selection of embryos are done (Munson, 2014).

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Huntington’s disease is a disease of the brain wherein a person’s capability to think, talk, and move is affected. The disease was first described by Dr. George Huntington in 1872. The actual gene was not characterized until 1993. In Huntington’s disease there is a mutation of a gene on chromosome 4. The protein (huntingtin) for the gene is responsible for directing the delivery of vesicles to the outer area of the cell.

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It is very similar to Alzheimer’s in its results of progression. (2) Huntington disease (HD) is also a type that is inherited it is caused by one single abnormal gene in the brain. (2) This particular disease

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Huntington’s disease is a hereditary disease that causes deterioration of the nerve cells within the brain. It is in Neurological disorders, such as inability to control body movements, uncontrollable tremor, loss of sensation, memory disorders and involuntary speech tic are complicated and have a profound effect on a patient’s quality of life regrettably, at this time doesn’t to cure for the disease. The symptom of this disease can diverge between individual and affect a member of the family (According to journal Neurodegeration) the deterioration of the brain, also lead to dementia, Altheimers, and Parkinson. Dr. George Huntington has revealed this disease in 1872.

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However, many scientists say this is already possible in a much safer and less invasive way. It is far easier to genetically screen embryos for high-risk versions of genes following in vitro fertilization and prior to implantation in the mother. Not to mention, we already practice this as a society, for example, when smart rich people marry other smart rich people, they usually produce another generation of smart rich people; which is known as assortative mating. Another example is when a mother aborts a fetus that has a genetic defect, or when IVF

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No collection of mortal men should be put in charge of who is worthy of reproducing or not. Eugenics was not formally put into effect for a reason. Other routes can be taken to improve the future generations without depriving the living humans of their right to have

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