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Difference between qualitative and quantitative research
Difference between qualitative and quantitative research
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CHAPTER 5. INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION Quantitative v. Qualitative Studies Quantitative investigations are scientific, objective, and effective in describing phenomena in terms of magnitude (Balian, 1988). Quantitative investigations use numeric values and statistics to identify patterns, to objectively quantify relationships between variables, and to make predictions. In addition, because large sample sizes are used, data can be generalized to larger populations.
According to Creswell (2014) and Bowling (2014), Qualitative research is defined as an exploratory research which aims to gain a better understanding regarding underlying reasons, beliefs and motivations. It provides insights into issues and attempts to develop ideas and hypotheses that can potentially form the basis for future quantitative research to be undertaken. The methods of data collection used in article
Within the professional field of counseling there are three means of conducting research. These methods consists of the quantitative method, the qualitative method, and the mixed method. Although the mixed method has been around for a while, it was not until Campbell and Fiske’s study that brought the mixed method into the spotlight (Hanson, Creswell, Plano Clark, Petska, & Creswell, 2005). The mixed method basically consist of using both the quantitative and qualitative methods as a collaborative means of collecting data. By combining these two methods together in varies forms, Hanson (2005) provided six frameworks for mixed methods; sequential explanatory, sequential exploratory, sequential transformative, concurrent triangulation, concurrent nested, and concurrent transformative.
Chapter 1 Problem Statement Research (Semke & Sheridan, 2012) is indicative that active parental involvement in a child’s educational advancement has continuing, powerful effects. The lack of parental involvement is one of the most prevalent problems facing public schools, especially in rural American with evidence of extreme poverty (Semke & Sheridan, 2012). With proliferating accountability, educators are challenged to overcome inequalities that are evident because of parents taking a participatory role in their child’s education. The problem is that this study will address the facilitation of parental involvement, define barriers created by poverty, and suggest methodologies for decreasing academic learning disparities among students in
Chapter 17 by Alan Bryman, The Nature of Qualitative Research helps readers understand the importance of qualitative research in the field of sociology since it has been become a more popular approach among researchers. Qualitative research is broadly inductivist, constructionist, and interpretivist but not all three of the features are always used (380). The main steps that follow qualitative research are inductive so the process is one that follows a top down approach. The first step to research is generating general research questions to foster the study.
Research Methods Newman, Ridenor, Newman, and DeMarco suggest that when the purpose of the research is complex, it is necessary to have multiple questions which frequently necessitate the use of mixed methods. Mixed methods have the potential to contribute to addressing multiple purposes and thus to meeting the needs of multiple audiences for the results (Newman, et al., 2002 as cited in Mertens & McLaughlin, 2004). A mixed method design is one in which both quantitative and qualitative methods are used to answer research questions in a single study (Mertens & McLaughlin, 2004, p. 112). Quantitative data is objective, deductive, and uses numbers while qualitative data is subjective, inductive, and uses words. Like Newman, et al.
Please demonstrate an understanding of research methodologies used in the scientific study of human behavior (cite and give examples). Qualitative research is a research method that is “conducted in a natural setting that seeks to understand a complex human behavior by developing a complete narrative description of that behavior” (Smith & Davis, 2013, pg. 52). Examples of qualitative research includes: naturalistic observation, ethnographic inquiry, participant observation, focus groups, narrative studies, case studies and artifacts
As Dodd (2008) recognises, both qualitative and quantitative can be used in conjunction with one another, however the major differences between the both need be identified. According to Dodd (2008) the main difference between the two is that quantitative research is objective and qualitative research is subjective. Objective research provides results that are not based on opinions but information backed up by the numerical data gathered which provides us with statistics. The subjective nature of qualitative research is focused more on exploring further beyond statistical data and looking at the feelings and theories behind an issue, hence it does not allow for definitive conclusions to be made.
INTRODUCTION This contextual project work is from block 2 course titled “Research and Nursing research.” It entails 10 concepts from which personal, social job application, and recent researches. CONCEPT 1 This concept is from block 2 course, module 2.3 “Ethics in research”.
3. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH THEORY 3.1 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Qualitative research is a form of research in which the researcher collects and interprets data, meaning the researcher is as important in the research process as the participants and the data they provide. Reason and Rowan (2004) have argued that the core element of a qualitative research approach is to connect meanings to the experiences of respondents and their lives. According to Clissett (2008) qualitative research involves a variety of research methods that can be used to explore human experience, perceptions, motivations and behaviours. Qualitative research is characterised by collection and analysis of words in the form of speech or writing.
In the process of Comparing and contrasting qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods design, a retrospective view is cited in an attempt to aid in the current debate. When we reflect on a simular situation that occured with Socrates and Plato versus multiple or relative approaches of Protagoras and Gorgias of the Sophists. The process can be compared and contrasted to balances or mixtures of the extremes by Aristotle or principle of balance, under the more moderate scepticism of Cicero, Sextus Empiricus. It can also be traced back to ancient Western philosophy as outlined and argued by Burke, Onwuegbuzie, & Turner, (2007). In some way it can be argued, that a similar rival spirit continues to agitate researchers on the dawn of the 21st
Research and theory building is a systematic investigation, where the researchers aim to seek answers to a problem posed. Research in the professional Social Sciences areas, such as the development of Psychology of Leadership, has largely shadowed the traditional objective scientific method, ergo, the quantitative research approach (Stentz, Clark, & Matkin, 2012). However, in more recent years, there has been a strong shift towards using a more naturalistic and subjective methodology. This gave rise to a divide in the realm of social science research, pitting the methodologies of qualitative research against that of quantitative research.
Methodology serves to explain the explicit and implicit assumptions adopted by the researcher during the entire research process. Methodology serves as the foundation upon which the entire research is built. The chosen research methodology then identifies, to a large extent, the research methods for data collection and data analysis (Creswell, 2003; Denzin and Lincoln, 2000). 3.4 Action Research Action research has been selected as an Inductive, qualitative methodology that is capable of exploring both facts and the meanings attributed to a social situation by the actors. Action research has been understood by board researchers in a diversity of habits but there are four topics in the literature.
Qualitative research is solely based on the descriptive analysis about any phenomena. However, the quantitative research studies about the facts and figures associated to those phenomena. Therefore, if quantitative analysis is to be used, it would have been focusing on the figures associated with the use of qualitative and quantitative research. Furthermore, quantitative research also comprise of the hypothesis testing, which is not being done in the qualitative study.
Qualitative research method has been widely used to gather data on specific subjects. With in- depth analysis, this method helps the researcher to get greater insights on various phenomena. The major reason why it is usually preferred over other methods is that it not only examines the when, where and what of a decision making process but also the why and how. Debates, interviews and various other researches are the areas where this approach is commonly used. Depending on the requirement of the research, the data gets streamlined once the entire data is obtained and gathered.
