Enzymes are a form of protein that lowers activation energy and speeds up reactions as a catalyst. They are made by the stringing together of an abundant amount of amino acids and folded into a specific shape for chemical reactions. Turnip Peroxidase is the enzyme used in this lab and is derived from the vegetable. Enzymes are not used up or permanently altered by their environment Peroxidases are found in a range of organisms and function to break down alcohol (H2O2) and creates byproducts of oxygen and water. In this experiment, the reducing agent guaiacol is added with the substrate, hydrogen peroxide, to create water and oxygen.
Lysosomes digest the toxins so they can be safely eliminated by the cell. Peroxisomes contain oxidases and catalases that detoxify substances like alcohol and neutralize free radicals. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also contains enzymes that detoxify certain drugs (such as alcohol). 3. Mrs. Fender’s jaundice is caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in her blood and tissues.
The experiment is made of yeast and yeast is a single-celled fungi. The yeast contains an enzyme called catalase. A catalase works as a catalyst in this reaction. Catalase is a natural enzyme found in the liver of animals. It splits hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water.
LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Natalie Banc Instructor: Elizabeth Kraske Date: 09.26.2016 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3.
The substrate for the sweet potato catechol oxidase is N-phenylthiourea. In comparison to the possible substrates for catechol they both have hydrogen acceptor sites that can be used to hydrogen bond in the active site of the enzyme. Along with hydrogen bonding there may be some ionic bonding between some metal atoms in the active site of the enzyme and the substituents coming off of the benzene ring.
In the control, beta-amylase was present unlike the experiment, which resulted in less molecules lingering. Discussion: 1. a. My results matched my prediction regarding alcohol percentage by weight.
LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Natalie Banc Instructor: Elizabeth Kraske Date: 09.22.2016 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3. Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity 1. Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced 2.
Dehydration of 2-Methylcyclohexanol Sura Abedali Wednesday 2:00 PM January 31, 2018 Introduction: Dehydration reactions are important processes to convert alcohols into alkenes. It is a type of elimination reaction that removes an “-OH” group from one carbon molecule and a hydrogen from a neighboring carbon, thus releasing them as a water molecule (H2O) and forming a pi bond between the two carbons1. In this experiment, 2-methylcyclohexanol undergoes dehydration to form three possible products: methylenecylcohexane, 1-methylcyclohexene, and 3-methylcyclohexene in a Hickman still apparatus. Adding 85% Phosphoric Acid to protonates the “-OH” group, turning it into a better leaving group and initiating the dehydration reaction.
We hypothesize that oxaloacetate will decrease the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and render it inactive, by preventing the enzyme from initiating redox reactions of succinate to fumarate and FAD to FADH2, which will prohibit any donated electrons from moving onto the electron transport chain to produce ATP. The enzyme, succinate dehydrogenase, also called succinate-coenzyme Q reductase (SQR) or respiratory Complex II, is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane of the mitochondria. Succinate dehydrogenase is divided into four subunits called subunit A, subunit B, subunit C, and subunit D. Succinate dehydrogenase is essential in the process of cellular respiration. The enzyme also plays a large role in the citric acid cycle, known as the Krebs Cycle and the electron transport chain.
How does it affect the enzyme Activity?: The value of pH is from 1 to 14 and pH can be neutral,alkali or acidic.pH 7 shows that it is netural and any number higher than pH7 is alkaline and lower than pH7 is acidic.pH are concentration of hydrogen ions that are found in solution. However, there is more concentration of hydrogen ions (protons) in acidic solutions and they are known as proton donors. If we look at the strucutre of the enzymes especially tertiary strucutre you can find bonds such as hydrogen bond and lots of ionic , which gives the shape to the active site and helps to keep them in place properly. These enzyme are made out of amino acid and within them you can find oppositely charged group that are attracted to each other , which
Then, tests are performed to determine if the products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration are present in the flasks. The citric acid cycle consists of a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of ATP (Biology). The tests detect the presence of carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide should be present irrespective of the type of respiration taking place, but ethanol is present only if fermentation has occurred. Another factor that can indicate whether fermentation occurred or cellular respiration occurred is the amount of glucose utilized during incubation.
Ethanol can be found in alcoholic beverages. Methanol, is also known as wood clue, if exposed and gotten into contact with can cause blindness and even death in some situations. Propanol is the most toxic and dangerous and is fatal if consumed. These alcohols are toxic to membranes and can result in damage or death of the cell. Methanol, ethanol, and propanol are all alcohols, their only difference is in their number of carbon and hydrogen atoms inside the molecule.
Biochemical tests are the tests used for the identification of bacterial species based on the differences in the biochemical activities of different bacteria. Bacterial physiology differs from one species to the other. These differences in carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, fat metabolism, production of certain enzymes and ability to utilize a particular compound help them to be identified by the biochemical tests. Gram’s stain was originally devised by histologist Hans Christian Gram in 1884. Gram-positive bacteria stain purple, while Gram-negative bacteria stain pink when subjected to Gram staining.
DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE ETHANOL IN BEVERAGES 1. Introduction to Gas Chromatography Gas chromatography is a very powerful separation technique for compounds that are reasonably volatile. The components of a sample partitions into two phases, the 1st of these phases is a immobile bed with a great surface area, and the other is a gas phase that permeates through the immobile bed. The sample is evaporated and passed by the mobile gas phase or the carrier gas through the column. Samples separates into the stationary liquid phase, based on their solubilities at the given temperature.
EVAN DANZIGER GRADE 11P LIFE ORIENTATION-ALCOHOL ASSIGNMENT TASK 1: ADVERT 1. Alcohol is indirectly portrayed in both adverts as destructive as one assumes from both their appearance and behavior that they have been drinking.
