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Behaviorism, Social Constructivism, And Cognitive Development

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When reflecting about which learning theory my teaching most resembles, I was actually shocked. I found myself identifying with all of the learning theories in some way. There were beliefs I held and activities in my current teaching that fell into all categories. That being said, I find myself mainly identifying with Behaviorism, Social Constructivism, and Cognitive Development. Behaviorism focuses a lot on using stimuli, such as positive and negative reinforcements, to change observable behaviors. In the classroom, typically these positive and negative reinforcements are rewards and punishments. Behaviorism began with John B. Watson, who used the previous work of Ivan Pavlov on conditioning. Watson studied which stimuli led to responses in organisms, which ultimately led to methodological behaviorism. From there, B.F. Skinner, went on to research and …show more content…

I work with mainly at risk students, who I find, really strive on being offered rewards, more so than punishments, for following classroom expectations, answering questions correctly, and doing their work. A teacher who believes in the behaviorism theory would offer a lot of rewards and punishments in order to change or reach a desired behavior/learning. To determine if these rewards or punishments are working and the student is learning, then the teacher would need to base that on their observations of the student. Currently, I see the behaviorism theory implemented often within technology. One example would be an online program I used to use in my classroom called Front Row. As students answered questions correctly, they earned points. Once they earned enough points, they were able to go to the store and buy certain things to dress up their character. This program focused mainly on rewards and not punishments. Giving students a chance to earn some sort of points or level up is a great way to implement behaviorism in

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Behaviourism The behaviourism theory is based on human and animal behaviour being shaped by conditioning and environmental factors. Behaviourists believe that unusual behaviours are caused by a person not adjusting adequately or appropriately to the environment or situation and learning or accidentally learning this response from the start. Behaviour therapy, aversions therapy and shaping are used as an intervention to change the persons response and make the responses more adaptive. The use of positive reinforcement is a can be very effective in changing a person or animals behaviour.

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Behaviorism emphasize conditioning behavior and altering the environment as we do in the classroom with having rules and procedures also setting up the environment for learning. Standards are posted, and students are seated in groups for collaboration. Cognitive information is defined as a theory that give insight into the nature of learning specifically how individuals generate structures of knowledge and how they create or learn reasoning and problem-solving strategies (Ornstein and Hunkins, 2017, p. 103). An example of how schools utilize cognitive information is starting education as early as possible and how a child develops impacts how children learn as well as to introduce social skills at

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The Socio-behaviorist theory (behaviorism) Socio-behaviorists often study how children 's experiences model their behaviors (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Behaviorism believes that what matters is not the development itself, but the external factors that shape children 's behaviors (Nolan & Raban, 2015). This theory demonstrates that teachers and mentors dominate and instruct child-related activities, and they decide what children should learn and how to learn (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Reinforcement, which is an essential factor that helps children to learn particular behaviors, generally refers to rewards and punishments (Nolan & Raban, 2015). Children are more likely to repeat actions that result in receiving praise; in contrast, they may ignore or abandon behaviors that make them get punishment.

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This perspective is a direct response to behaviorism. Instead of students being stimulated by external stimuli, the student is a more internal entity that requires an examination of their way of thinking. An example of this would be to see how the students sees themselves. The teacher is responsible on figuring out how the students sees themselves, how they see their environment,

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However, as Knight (2006) implies choosing parts of different theories should be done with caution when considering Christian education. Therefore, while these parts of behaviorism seem all well and good, it is important to ask if they reflect my Christian philosophy of education. If so will I be able to defend these principles to demonstrate my understanding of how they reflect and are supported by a Christian worldview? This approach will assist in guiding my educational philosophy soundly so that I may guard myself against moving toward philosophical and theoretical educational principles that do not support a Christian worldview such as

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When it comes to the effects of urban sprawl on the poorer people, they are left behind in the more undesirable inner parts of the city. Urban sprawl causes the government to increase taxes on the houses outside the city and place restrictions on building new homes within the city. Just like any issue pertaining to government, urban sprawl has its pros and cons. Based on what I’ve read, I don’t think this is a moral or ethical issue.

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Paper 1: BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION Becky Templin Clovis Community College February 17, 2018 Introduction The theory behind behavior modification ethics has a reputation for its accomplishments and disappointments. In addition to this, there are many dangers in using physical punishment as behavior modification with the two primary modifiers of behavior being Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. The outcome of using negative reinforcement has its share of benefits and downfalls in human behavior whereas; positive reinforcement seems to win over.

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3.1) Theories of Behaviour Management Behaviour management is a tool, a system, generates learning environment to encourage positive behaviour and minimise the opportunity for negative conduct to occur. It is like modifying and change learner's action in a positive manner where the primary focus lies on maintaining order. Many theorists presented their views in their research work on the understanding of the nature of the behaviour BILL ROGER is an education consultant and author present his work on behaviour management, discipline, effective teaching, and stress management etc. and also lectures widely covers the topic to both the learner and the teacher for the challenges facing in leadership in educational premises. Bill Roger recommended

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Ivan Pavlov and Burrhus Frederic Skinner are the behaviourist theorists I studied. Pavlov’s theory of classical conditioning became well known, his work encouraged others like Skinner to study and develop his own theory of operant conditioning. The “A,B,C” behaviour model of positive reinforcement is used in many early childhood settings. Skinner believed the best way to understand the behaviour is to look at the cause of the action and its consequence. I observed the ECCE setting for practical examples of numeracy and literacy.

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During my group, I worked as a model of being polite, how to build relationship with others, how to respect others and so on. On one hand, I reinforced group members’ appropriate behaviors by using a scaling table to note their good performance and awarding group members who perform best, that is, group members who got the highest score in each session. On the other hand, I sat norms as well as punishment with group members at the beginning of the group and used punishment to avoid inappropriate and unexpected behaviors. Since most of group members aged 8 to 13, they were easily to break promises. Therefore, punishment was essential for regulating their behaviors and reminding them of their commitment, while positive reinforcement was also significant to raise their awareness of behaviors and facilitating proper behaviors.

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1. B.F. Skinner: Behaviour modification Positive and negative reinforcements or rewards and punishments are used to modify or shape learner’s behaviour. B. F. Skinner’s entire system is based on operant conditioning. The organism is in the process of "operating" on the environment, which in ordinary terms means it is bouncing around its world, doing what it does. During this "operating," the organism encounters a special kind of stimulus, called a reinforcing stimulus, or simply a reinforcer.

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In its most general sense, Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning developing as a result of the ideas and beliefs shared by a group of people who has influenced educators’ view of learning. The term behavioral psychology refers to a psychological approach which principally concerned with stimulus-response activities and emphasizes the role of environmental factors in a learning process, to the exclusion of own free will. There is a tenet of behavioral psychology that “only observable, measurable, an outward behavior is worth investigating” (Bush, 2006, p. 14). Historically speaking, behaviorism was originated in the 1880s and develops gradually in the twentieth-first century and beyond. Skinner and

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The introspection has no role in behaviorism. And all human behavior is the result of conditioning and learning. How are positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement similar, and how are they different? Both positive and negative reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated. Negative reinforcement involves behavior that leads to the avoidance of or escape from an a punishing event, and positive reinforcement involves

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1025 Words | 5 Pages

The only way the behaviourist approach can successfully work is if the individual, or group of individuals, know they will be rewarded or punished. It’s how they place value on what the outcome of their actions will be and how much effort is put forth. While rewarding students who correctly answer the questions and achieve certain scores on tests can be beneficial in the short term, there are several other aspects that should be used to ensure that the students are capturing the information and are able to use it in the long term. When teaching students multiplication, the teacher must make the information meaningful to the students by tying it to how it would be utilised outside of the school. This will assist them in implementing multiplication

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Discuss the development of learning theories from behaviorism to humanism. Choose one of the learning theories that you are drawn to and discuss the reasons for you choice. Introduction Learning theory is the process of how is the information been engaged, practice and grow during learning. Learning is defined as the alteration in behavior, in other words, learning is approached as an outcome from the end of some process of the product. Educators who hold the cognitive theory accept as true that the definition is a change of behavior is too constricted.

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