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Components Of Evidence-Based Practice (IOM)

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Evidence-based practice is the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) third healthcare core competency that focuses on providing patient-centered care (Finkelman & Kenner, 2016). The definition according to the IOM is the combination of the highest research, clinical ability, and patient benefit while providing care to each individual patient (Greiner & Knebel, 2003). By implementing an evidence-based practice, healthcare providers can provide the best practice while abstaining from the “underuse, misuse, and overuse of care” (Greiner & Knebel, 2003, p. 56). Studies have shown evidence-based practice encourages improved healthcare quality, enhanced health results, and decreased care and costs (Melnyk, Gallagher-Ford, Long, & Fineout-Overholt, 2014).
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Examples of such research are clinical trials, experiments conducted in the laboratory, and controlled random trials. The second component is clinical expertise, the observation and exposure gained over time. An example of clinical expertise is inductive reasoning. The third and final component of evidence-based practice is patient benefits. This is the “unique preferences, concerns, expectations, financial resources, and social supports” each patient brings to the clinical consultation (Greiner & Knebel, 2003, p. 57). When these components are applied appropriately in a supported environment, conclusive patient outcomes are produced from leading clinical decisions (Melnyk et al.,

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