Congenital Heart Disease Case Study

INTRODUCTION Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is a structural abnormality of heart that presents at birth with high fatality rate. The incidence of CHD ranges between 8 and 10 per 1000 live births. In Indonesia, it is estimated that 40,000 babies are affected with CHD.1 However, the development of the diagnostic tool, medication, non-surgical and surgical intervention in the last 40 years have increased the life-expectancy of neonates with CHD in critical condition.2

Mitchell et al (1971) define CHD as an abnormality in the functional macroscopic structure of the heart or large intrathoracic blood vessels.3 Two common types of CHD are cyanotic and non-cyanotic, in which both have different signs, symptoms, and management.1 In certain types

Therefore, in total, there were 75.51% patients who suffered from CHD within their first year of life. This finding is similar to the previous study conducted by Tank et.al in Mumbai Center India, which showed most patients with CHD was diagnosed within their first year of life, amounting to 50.34% .4 Acyanotic CHD was the most commonly found types of CHD, in which 37 children (75.51%) were diagnosed with this subtype. This result is similar to a previous study by Haryanto (2012), in which acyanotic CHD acyanotic was found in 64.60% of subjects.3 Due to incomplete secondary data from the medical records, the specified anatomical abnormalities of the disease were hard to

The measurement of nutritional status was done using WHO & NCHS graphic of BW/Age. The similar result was found in a previous research conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia where the prevalence of undernutrition was 51.10%, in which 22.30% was severely undernourished.6 In this study, there were 10.20% samples who did not have sufficient data, so the nutritional status could not be determined. Most of these samples were those whose age was 5 years old and above, where there were no data of height so that nutritional status could not be measured The non-surgical intervention was the most commonly found management in this research. In which, 48 children (97.96 %) with CHD were found to have the non-surgical intervention. The management course of CHD depends heavily on its abnormalities and severity of the case. The availability of surgical facilities in a hospital is also a factor that will influence what management will be preferred.7 There was only 1 child (2.04%) who were given surgical intervention in this study, in which the intervention was done in a referral hospital with more complete