Depending on the angle of the research the PBIS might be defined as a practice of systems (Öğülmüş & Vuran, 2016) or decision making framework (Rholetter, 2013). Regardless of the exact definition, most of the authors agree that PBIS is not a theory, program or curriculum, but more of the matrix or continuum of practices that help build and implement school settings for all children to decrease the relevance of bad behavior and increase the functionality of the desired behavior (Öğülmüş & Vuran, 2016). Structurally, PBIS can be presented as three groups of practices:
1. Prevention (teacher takes the responsibility to describe and teach appropriate expected behavior).
2. Multi-Tiered Support, which means behavioral support is provided at each
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3. Data-based decision making (recorded behavioral outcomes and observations).
PBIS approach is based on the positive social interactions between students, between each student and a teacher, and between students as a group and a teacher. PBIS utilize many methods from different theories such as positive reinforcement, rewarding of the good behavior and minimizing the relevance of the bad behavior. Large portion of the money and time is invested into prevention of the bad behavior and the actual recording of the behavioral outcomes for the future use. Most of the challenging work is done within the three tiers of the behavioral support.
Primary prevention is applied not only to all three tiers, but to the stuff and the school as a whole. This form of prevention is focused on:
- Establishing behavioral expectations for the whole school; these expectations must be explained, taught and practiced;
- Setting the system of rewards for the desired behavior and the continuum of the consequences for the undesirable