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Pros And Cons Of Reverse Discrimination

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Affirmative action is one of the many controversial topics talked about among the U.S.'s general population. The definition of Affirmative action is “A set of procedures designed to eliminate unlawful discrimination between applicants, remedy the results of such prior discrimination, and prevent such discrimination in the future” (Affirmative Action par 1). This hot topic has place the citizens on one side and on another side: Anti-Affirmative action and Pro-Affirmative Action. The Anti-Affirmative action side believes it does not remove discrimination, instead it creates reverse discrimination against the majority. Secondly, Anti-Affirmative action side declares that the action violates the 14th Amendment. Thirdly, Anti-Affirmative side claims …show more content…

Reverse discrimination is where minorities are favored over the majority. A Supreme Court case that featured when and where reverse discrimination had occurred was “Middleton III v. City of Flint Michigan” (Sixth Circuit Title). The lawsuit details contain that one-half of the police officer promotions had been set aside for minorities. Once officer later repealed to the court due to have been disregarded for a promotion because of the racial quota. The Supreme Court had the city repeal the affirmative action due to not having the “interest of the state” and not being specific enough for the state (Sixth Circuit par 1). Another case that contains similar aspects related to the “Middleton III v. City of Flint Michigan” (Sixth Circuit Title) is the “Police Association of New Orleans v. City of New Orleans” (Fifth Circuit Title). However, the aspect that sets these two cases apart is the violation of the 14th amendment. The police association had set aside certain positions only allowing minorities to fill them. In turn, New Orleans filed a lawsuit against the police association who refused to remove the affirmative action program (Fifth Circuit par 3). The lawsuit had reached the Supreme Court where the final decision was that the program had to be removed (Fifth Circuit par 3). During …show more content…

All three points tie into each other in one way or another. Colleges that had affirmative action programs integrated into their system, such as UC Burkeley, UCLA, and Rice University had a high minority enrollment, until they removed their affirmative action programs. In result of doing so, the colleges saw a great percentage drop in admissions from minorities. The school that suffered the most was UC Burkeley; the college suffered a 61% drop in admissions to the school (NCSL Affirmative Action Overview par 6). Studies also show that graduates from colleges that supported affirmative action achieved better jobs, a better lifestyle, and a better paycheck due to the opportunities that they were able to have in college (NCSL Affirmative Action Overview par

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Notаbly absent from the opinion, as it was in Plessy, is any citаtion to a Supreme Court cаse that considered whether the prаctice of segregating schools was a violation of the Fourteenth Аmendment. It was an open question for the Court. The Court аdmitted that the precedent to which it cited involved discriminаtion between whites and blacks rаther thаn other rаces. However, the Court found no аppreciable difference here—"the decision is within the discretion of the state in regulating its public schools, and does not conflict with the Fourteenth Аmendment."

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Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, the Supreme Court decided that the amendment of Michigan’s Constitution which banned affirmative action at public institutions was constitutional. Prior to the enactment of this law, Michigan residents had voted in favor of the proposed amendment that prohibited consideration of race or sex in admissions to Michigan’s public universities. In turn, the Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Integration and Immigration Rights and Fight for Equality by Any Means Necessary, sued state officials-- arguing that this amendment violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth

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This shows that the “separate but equal” doctrine has spread across the United States, even in the twentieth century. Although the ruling was made in 1896, it continues to allow racial discrimination, even now. The Plessy v. Ferguson decision had a negative outcome that can still be seen in ways

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The Equal Protection Clause of the fourteenth amendment in the US Constitution has been one that’s been up for interpretation for a long time. The clause states that all people (regardless of race) should be treated the same under the law. It’s a controversial clause that has been involved in many Supreme court cases, including Brown vs Board of Education, Plessy vs Ferguson, and the Regents of the University of California vs Bakke. These are the three cases that will be addressed in this essay. The Supreme court decision of the University of California vs Bakke case to uphold affirmative action and rule the use of racial quotas unconstitutional was the correct decision based on previous Supreme Court cases, including Plessy v Ferguson and

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In the case Brown Vs Board of Education the segregation of public schools was based on which race was allowed by states if the facilities were “equal.” Brown overturned that decision. Regardless of the “equality” of facilities, the Court ruled that separate is not unequal. Thus public school segregation based on race was found in violation of the 14th Amendment’s Equal Protection Clause. (1875)

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Affirmative action is a tool that is used to ensure that minority groups are granted equal opportunity. Whether it be college admissions, or in the workplace, affirmative action makes it possible for all people to enjoy the same opportunities despite skin color, gender, or nationality. Affirmative action was started by President John F. Kennedy. President Kennedy started affirmative action to make sure that during the hiring process, and also during employment, that all employees were treated the same, despite their race or nationality. Thereafter, President Lyndon B. Johnson followed up by making it a requirement for government to hire without counting race, religion, nationality, or gender against applicants.

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Since the very group of words “affirmative action” is in total contradiction with the amendment fourteen which guarantees people equal protection under the law. But coming to affirmative action, we have to remark the sad history behind it, which is once again to disadvantage a group for another one. Therefore we can clearly say that affirmative action is not only illegal but it is also unconstitutional since it violates clearly the fourteenth amendment. Not only that, we need also to notice that affirmative action goes against this American ideal which is equal opportunity, the ability for someone to use whatever wealth and/or talent he/she has to reach his/her fullest potential. Due to affirmative action, we will notice down in the paper how affirmative action prevents people to use their fullest

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Affirmative Action was a national program designed to ensure that diverse people were represented in different institutions including colleges and universities as well as the workplace. Places of employment and colleges for many years discriminated against black and brown people resulting in very few numbers of those people belonging to those institutions. The Affirmative Action program was developed where certain quotas were required to be met and that resulted in more black and brown people graduating from colleges and universities and also resulted in more black and brown people being represented in corporations and companies. While I and many people view affirmative action as good thing, over the years, affirmative action supposedly

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William A. Gamson and Andre Modigliani define affirmative action as “What use should be made, if any, of racial and ethnic classification to promote the hiring and admission of blacks and other minorities.” The United State of America use to be a place where white people were the majority who got accepted into most colleges and work place that wouldn’t be a problem if this country had only white people. The U.S had more than just white folks living in the U.S. There were people of color or commonly called “minorities” who lives in the U.S, and they weren’t being accepted into most colleges or workforce because of their race and ethnicity. Women were also discriminated against and weren’t hired as much. Therefore, there needed to be a system to make sure that some people weren’t discriminated against because of their race or ethnicity.

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However, this number declined greatly in 1984. “The college officials, who are sensitive to demands from black and Hispanic groups to admit more students from those ethnic groups, are consciously holding down Asian enrollment.”(Dan) Clearly, Asians were the victims of affirmative action as a result of unjust admission process in the

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While some view it as a milestone, from years of racial discrimination and oppression, others have since coined the term, “reverse racism.” According to the U.S. Labor Department, affirmative action has helped over 5 million minority and 6 million white and minority women move up the workforce. Affirmative action in recent years has been dealt with much criticism and opposition, as seen in numerous court cases, e.g., Regents of California V. Bakke, and Fisher V. University of

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In The Economist, it shows because of affirmative action people are dropping out of college. “Affirmative action reduces the number of blacks who qualify as lawyers by placing black students in law school for which they are ill-prepared, causing many to dropout.” (The Economist

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My controversy is "Is the Affirmative Action having a positive effect on the United State society or Affirmative Action just not the right thing to do since it makes the society unfair to lots of people?" Affirmative action was once founded to help those people who have been suffering under segregation and domination to obtain representation in society and to balance the income disparity. Among all of the famous newspaper, the Washington Post believes that affirmative action program is "a careful effort to ensure diversity and brings more opportunities to minority. " Their editorial board thinks that the decision Supreme Court has made is a right decision and government should keep forcing Affirmative Action thorough admission among the universities.

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Many universities became alarmed at the growing Asian American student population on their campuses. So much so that once the Asian proportion of their student population reached 10%-15%, they began to reject Asian students who were clearly qualified. many conservatives and opponents of affirmative action began to argue that these Asian American

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l Affirmative action was intended to increase the access of education and job opportunities for members of groups that are, historically discriminated against, affirmative action programs try to ensure that minorities get extra special access to jobs and schools, which, for many people, there is not equal opportunity. Affirmative action, even the playing field because it allows those who have the same potential as whites to receive better jobs or a better education to prepare themselves to be qualified to enter the workforce. Affirmative action has helped in the progress of women of all colors in the United States as we can clearly see how they are CEO’s of major companies, therefore this program was not simply put in place for blacks

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