Chapter 9 – Ancient Rome Q1. Engineering and architecture was very important during the time of Ancient Rome. They produced monumental buildings that are impressive to this day. Repetitive structures were built, such as arches and pillars, to create beautiful feats of geometric design. These buildings glorified the state and enriched the lives of Roman citizens.
The Roman Empire was one of the most advanced cultures of its time. The grandeur of Rome has had abiding effects on the societies of the entire world. Evidence of the brilliance and creativity of the Romans can be found in many modern countries such as the remains of roads, walls, baths, basilicas, amphitheaters, and aqueducts. These exhibit the technological advances made by the engineers and architects of the Roman Empire. Many modern civic buildings have been built using the Romanesque styling.
Many American architects in the 18th and 19th centuries looked to classical Roman architecture as a source of inspiration for their own designs. The White House and U.S. Capitol share similar architectural styles to that of Roman buildings like the Coliseum which has been standing for nearly 2000 years, and the Pantheon. “More recently, many official buildings built in the US are very strongly influenced by Roman architecture. The most obvious is the White House, which displays Roman influences in the arches and columns on the exterior” The Romans were skilled engineers and builders. They used advanced construction techniques such as arches, domes, and vaults to distribute weight and stress evenly throughout a building, which helped to prevent collapse.
The Etruscans were skilled builders and constructed impressive structures, such as temples, tombs, and underground tunnels (Bonfante, 2006). The Romans adopted the Etruscan architectural style, incorporating elements such as the use of arches and vaults (Beard et al., 2015). The influence of Etruscan architecture can be seen in iconic Roman structures like the Colosseum and the aqueducts (Scullard,
The Romans have made countless contributions to architecture, engineering, language, law, and philosophy. In addition, they have certainly made an especially lasting impact in art. From mosaics to murals, frescoes to cameos, the Romans definitely developed a unique art style that many non-Roman art pieces have tried to imitate. The Romans were influenced by other cultures such as the Greeks, hence “Greco-Roman” art, but they made it their own by adding their own twist to it. Greek sculpture was known to be incredibly realistic, which the Romans adopted and soon specialized in making busts and statues of people.
Roman architecture: Roman architecture was unique and nothing like it came before. Persians, Egyptians, Greeks all had monumental architecture. They had royalty in their buildings, but it was largely external. Buildings were designed to be impressive when viewed from outside because their architects used to depend on a specific system they used two upright posts, mainly they used columns, with a horizontal block, that were known as a lintel, laid flat across the top.
This essay will be focused on the cultural use, differences and similarities of Greek and Roman architecture with special focus on Parthenon in Athens and the Pantheon in Rome Italy. Both buildings have various similarities; I will focus on how each country adapts to their differences. It is important to note that five (5) architectural orders were highly favored in the Greek and Roman architectural pattern. The Parthenon and Pantheon are both ancient temples, while the Parthenon was built in Ancient Greece for the goddess of Athena as a gratitude to heaven for the defeat of Persia; the pantheon was built in Rome to celebrate the Roman gods. Construction of Parthenon started in 447 BC when Athenian Empire was at the height of its power (web archive.org (n.d.))
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A civilization’s architecture not only shows the artistic skills of its designers and builders but also the functionality of its engineers, the power of its government, and the inventiveness of its people. Architecture was a crucial element to the success of two major cites in Europe, Rome and Athens. Each city had structures consisting of formal architecture like temples and basilicas showing the influence that its leaders had over each city, while utilitarian buildings like bridges and aqueducts helped build communication between distant cities throughout each empire. Though architecture as a whole was an important role in unifying the cities, the architecture design within each illustrates the similarities and differences between two.
It’s unique anyways within the Geek and Roman architecture that they evolved to be a great accomplish for a long time, where seriously they look indistinguishable. On the other hand that doesn’t mean that they are not different from each other, contrary each of them has a personality and a way to view its style. As we know that the Greek architecture had developed firstly, so it must had influenced the Roman architecture, and that’s what had happened, even though they were affected exceptionally by the Greeks, however they looked for a separate distinguished personality. In the meantime, we’ll see all over the essay the similarities and differences between both civilizations, including the building types, the techniques, and materials used, style and art.
New designs have been adopted since the onset of architecture, and thus, with the concentration of a history of architecture, new phenomenon and innovations are realized that would help in further explanation and address of other necessities in the same sector. A concentration in the History of architecture and landscape architecture as a course incorporates more than one element of
The cities of the old world such as the cities of Mesoamerica and the cities of the far east and the cities in Africa all had similar traits and they have their own unique traits as well that made them unique in own right and helped these early cities lay the foundation for the modern cities we inhabit in the present day. The early cities all had their own set up and design the Architecture was dependent on the culture, the religion of the empire or city and most importantly on the rulers or kings of the time. Some of the early cities such as Uruk in Mesopotamia, the early city to be recorded in the world according to the functionality of the city. Uruk was a city that was completely surrounded by walls because of the constant threat of war from neighboring cities and their kings trying to expand and grow their own empire so the people of Uruk migrated from the rural areas to the urban city to seek protection and refuge from the wars that occurred.
The style of the building and the purpose it is built give a brief and thoughtful storybook about the culture of the architect as art, generally, and architecture, particularly, is a language itself. Thus, buildings narrate the stories of the people among the history and tell their traditions and habits to the next generation through its design, inscriptions, and details. In this essay, I will discuss how both the style and function of the Greek Parthenon and the Roman Pantheon served as typical examples of their cultures in Athens and ancient Rome. In addition to the similarities and differences between these two cultures through the two buildings. Both the Greek and the Roman architecture inspired the cultures and architects until these days due to the diverse meaning they carry and symbolize in astonishing ways through the different orders, columns, roofs, friezes, and domes.
Introduction Romanesque architecture started around 1000 to 1200 AD around the middle ages, extending from the decline of the Roman Empire until the begging of gothic architecture. It is one of the most influenced styles of architecture but also one of the most hard to characterize. Unlike other styles it developed independently in diverse locations such as Italy, Spain, England and France. Its characteristics come from the ancient roman architecture that developed into bigger prettier and more complex constructions. However, there are different views in where it spread first as well as where it got more influence from.
Mankind has always faced many natural obstacles, one of them being the harsh elements of the weather. In order to protect themselves, humans began to build shelters to keep warm and survive. This acted as the roots that gave rise to the industry of architecture. As time has passed and societies have come and gone, the advancements in architecture have continued to grow, but never again has there been a time more influential and lasting on architecture than the era of the Greeks and Romans. Their architectural achievements revolutionized modern architecture in a way that is still being used to this day.
