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Routine Activities Theory: Preventing Crime And Delinquency Today

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The theory that first stands out to me is the routine activity theory, although I don’t think the classic theory as a whole is necessarily true because it says crime is always a voluntary choice. I think when juveniles commit crime their usually is a reason they are acting out, however according to the text the routine activity theory says that crime is closely related to three things which are suitable targets, absence of capable guardians, and the presence of motivated offenders. I think the biggest one is the absence of capable guardians, when parents are too busy for their children they don’t create a routine for their kids, leaving them with more free time, therefore if they are feeling lonely or feeling like they are missing something they will act out towards easy targets. Q 4. which of the individual explanations do you believe offer the best solutions for preventing crime and delinquency today? The positive activity theory offers the best solution for preventing crime and delinquency. This is because these theorists do not assume that crime is a rational choice and that punishment alone is not the best way to respond. Although punishments should still be assessed, individual and social factors that are causing the crime should also be …show more content…

I think it does make some sense that our diet, mood and behavior are related. Our bodies need a balanced diet to fully function well, when people are on a fast food diet it usually lead to obesity and health issues these health issues is the body rejecting this food. An example of a beverage that clearly effects a person’s mood or behavior is an either an energy drink or coffee drink. The caffeine in these drinks can almost immediately give a person more energy but also later creates a crash, another food item that does similar things is sugary foods such as donuts or other desserts. I think sometimes it is pretty obvious the amount of energy a person who eats healthy has vs a person who does not a follow a healthy

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This theory clearly rules out the effect of inherited or innate factors, and the last is the cognitive theory, which is based on how the perception of an individual is manifested into affecting his or her potential and capability to commit a crime. (Psychological theories of crime) Relating these theories to the case under study, it’s clear that the behaviour can be traced most times to faulty relationships in the family during the first years of

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Research Article Summary – Correctional Treatment Programs 1-CITATION Fretz, R. (2006). What Makes a Correctional Treatment Program Effective: Do the Risk, Need, and Responsivity Principles (RNR) Make a Difference in Reducing Recidivism?. Journal Of Community Corrections, 15(3), 5. Retrieved April 3, 2018.

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The two theories I have chosen are Terrie Moffitt’s dual pathway developmental theory and Sampson and Laub’s age-graded developmental theory. Moffitt’s dual pathway theory really focuses on the relationship between age and crime. Moffitt looks at the life-course of offenders to see where the criminal habit developed. She categorizes offenders into two categories: life-course persistent offenders and adolescent-limited offenders. Life-course offenders make up the smallest percentage of criminals but also make up the highest percentage of crime.

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As shown above, these prevention activities are combining SCP with other theories, such as theories of rational choice theory, routine activity theory and lifestyle theory. Before committing a crime, potential offender is a rational decision maker who seeks to benefit himself economically and otherwise trough the commission of crime (this is a rational choice theory). Routine activity theory focuses on three essential elements for crime to occur - a potential offender, an attractive target and the absence of capable guardians. Lifestyle theory asserts that the odds of falling victim to crime vary according to an individual’s degree of exposure to high-risk situations – those that include potential offenders. Because the key variable in both

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Despite the criticisms levelled at them in the 1970s, "treatment approaches" to offending behaviour remain worth pursuing today. Offer a critical assessment of this claim. This essay is going to give reasons why treatment approaches to crime are still valuable today despite the criticisms originated during the 1970s, especially after Martinson’s “Nothing works” report (1974). Drawing from Positivism and its related theories of crime, this essay is going to explain how treatment models in the 1970s worked and how they differ from the punitive system we have today, that is based on Classical theories (of crime). Furthermore, this essay is going to illustrate two different ideologies on which treatment models are built, Behaviourism and Psychoanalysis,

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The criminal activities theory talks about crime events (Criminal Justice, n.d.) It looks at why some people commit crimes and what are the motivations to commit the crimes. This theory suggests that the daily routine of society could cause or create the opportunity for a crime. All you need is a likely offender, a target, and the absence of a guardian to create an opportunity for a crime. Suggestions made to reduce crime from this theory try to alter the routines and limit opportunities to prevent crimes.

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The second part is commitment where a person will think if the deviant behavior is a respectable way to proceed. Specifically, people that place school, work, and social activities as a center point in their lives would be less likely to engage in crime. The factor of involvement, which is the third point, is a person’s choice to get involved in conventional versus deviant behavior. People that spend more time doing activities like softball practice or field hockey practice don’t have time to commit a crime. As a result, they are productive in other socially acceptable ways.

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Juvenile delinquency is a major concern within the criminal justice system. The most frequent crime for juvenile to commit is Theft. The theory that explains juvenile delinquency is going to be the " broken window" theory. The broken window theory concludes that signs of disorder contribute and continue to lead to disorder. Individuals will conclude based off the environment that no one cares and their is no maintenance to be done.

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Routine Activities Theory – A belief that in order for a crime to take place there have to be at least three elements present. The three elements are the victim, offender, and absence of a guardian suitable to protect the victim from a crime (Anderson, 2015). The Routine activities theory goal is an attempt to explain how criminals evolve. Since most people conduct the same activities almost at the same time every day, it is easier for the assailant to plan and carry out an attack. The theory incorporates suggestions on how people can avoid becoming a victim; they involve but are not limited to making sure all doors are secure, avoid areas of poor lighting, and to try to differentiate the person's normal routine.

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This chapter introduces the modern applications of the Classical Perspective: Deterrence, Rational Choice, and Routine Activities or Lifestyle theories of crime (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 52). Near the end of the 19th century, Darwin’s ideas of evolution and natural took over the oldest frameworks of Classical and Neoclassical School. By the 1960s, theorist began using deterrence measures to explain why individuals engaged in criminal behavior (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 52). As these measures were used they began to open an understand as to support the theories of certainty and severity of punishment to deter crime committing such as increased risk or certainty of punishment associated with less crime for most serious offenses and most offenders arrested once never get arrested again (Tibbetts, 2012, p. 52).

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Cohen. Routine activity theory premise is that crime is relatively unaffected by social causes such as poverty, inequality, unemployment. According to RAT for crime to be committed, three aspects are needed: a motivated criminal, a suitable victim and the lack of capable guardian. Lack of a capable guardian can range to anything that would make a suitable victim easier to victimize. Street robbery is a daily crime which can be avoided with simple precautions.

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Criminal behaviour has always been an interest for psychologists, for they could never quite come to a conclusion between nature and nurture. Research concerning this topic has been organized for many years and due to the never ending debate, is still being conducted. I have decided to read and write about this myself, for I was genuinely curious about the matter and wanted to be a part of the research, as I felt responsible to do so. I believe that in order to stop something, it must be discussed and scrutinized. What effects do genes have on criminal behaviour, why do peer pressure and habitat influence a person to commit crimes and are men really more violent than women?

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United States: Greenhaven Publishing. The book provides various opposing viewpoints regarding the cause of juvenile crime and how the criminal justice system should treat juvenile offenders. Each argument highlights the main risk factors for juvenile crime. For example, gang plays a large part of juvenile violence.

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The set of the structural-functional theories are among the most widespread perspectives on the juvenile delinquency. The group of the theories regards that the behavior of the underage delinquent is caused by the breakdown of the social process that consequently results in the increase of conformity (Thompson & Bynum, 2016). The group of theories presumably blame institutions that are responsible for the socialization of the young delinquents for the way the socialize the individuals by causing them to conform to the values of the society. One of the central theories of the juvenile delinquency is the anomie theory that is rooted in the early studies by the sociologist Emile Durkheim.

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Safety of our citizens is of utmost importance in creating a robust society. Building sustainable communities that are inclusive, secure and sensitive to needs of the citizens will continue to be of national priority. However, over the years, crime has stymied this endeavour. There must be a commitment to ensuring safety, security and justice for all citizens, which are seen as moral rights and intrinsic to development. Good policing, targeted social interventions and an efficient judicial system are needed to help our nation thrive.

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