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SARA Model For Problem Orientated Policing

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What is scan? Scan in the first stage of the SARA model of investigation for the New South Wales Police Force (NSWPF) for Problem Orientated Policing (POP). It is designed to recognise reoccurring issues or events as a trending problem for police and its community. POP requires police to identify incidents, group these incidents and recognise the underlying causes of the problem (Miller, Hess & Orthmann, 2014). This can be done through police data; data from sources outside of the police system; and from stakeholders that are effected. This data can then be used further to examine problems within the larger issue. This first step of the SARA model requires police to recognise recurring issues and their respective outcomes within their communities. These issues must be then prioritised for goals to be developed to resolve the issues at hand.
Griffith is a town within New South Wales (NSW) with a population of 25986 ("Estimated Resident Population”, 2017) located approximately 570 km from Sydney. According to the NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, between October 2014 to September 2016 the rate of theft in the Griffith area has been consistently high over a two-year trend. …show more content…

The study found, Griffith train station carpark was the major crime hot spot with 50 offences reported over a three-month period between July 2016 to September 2016. The Griffith train station is located one street back from the major shopping/retail precinct and has a large number commuters utilising the carpark. The local community also use the car park for everyday use due to the location in relation to the retail shopping area. The carpark and bicycle parking rack is situated out of view from the station platforms and rail staff, leaving these incidents unseen and reported some hours after they have

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Problem solving is used to reduce offending in a community. It believes that crimes are caused by existing social conditions. It involves both law enforcement and the community in ways to reduce or prevent crime (i.e., neighborhood watch). The community is a very important aspect of this operational strategy. Departments need to do more to develop solutions with a partnership of the community.

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The third step is the intervention of the police based on the predictions. The type of intervention vary according to the problem. If there is an increased risk of local crimes, the police can relocate more resources to that area. Predictive policing also allows the police to identify the sources of crime and combat them

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Once the officers are done understanding the problem they then begin to work towards developing a hypothesis as to why the problem keeps occurring. After the hypothesis is developed then comes the response step to the SARA model, during this step the officers are responsible for brainstorming ideas for new interventions or activities that will help suppress the problem. Once there are new ideas in place the officers must work towards carrying out these activities. The last step of the SARA model is the assessment step, during this step it is up to the law officials to determine if the plans developed were implemented. Once they determine if the plan was implemented they then must

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Skogan and Frydl (2004) examined the evidence on police effectiveness and found that community policing and problem-oriented policing are effective approaches to reducing crime and improving community relationships. These approaches involve a more collaborative and problem-solving approach to policing, which can help address underlying issues that contribute to crime and disorder in communities. One of the key arguments against police reform is that it may undermine law enforcement's ability to do their jobs effectively. Klockars et al.

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It in this regard, solving crimes and/or mitigating conditions that give rise to public safety issues is viewed as a joint responsibility between the law enforcement agencies and the respective communities in which those agencies function. Traditional policing on the other hand views law enforcement and maintenance of public safety as a sole responsibility of the law enforcement communities. Put differently, traditional policing model finds no value in problem-solving through partnership with the communities concerned. It is therefore safe to say that traditional policing promotes reactive approaches to problem-solving hence encourages responses such as those witnessed after crimes have been

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Early policing models focused on reacting to crimes. Police agencies spent a large amount of their resources and manpower reacting to crimes and making arrests. Problem-solving policing involves entering the community and working with residents to identify problems and the actual causes of crime in the community. The acronym SARA stands for scanning, analysis, response, and assessment This model was first used in 1987 by the Newport News Virginia Police Department (Roufa, 2017).

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SARA MODEL While we know that the SARA model is a strategy in policing that breaks down into four basic steps we can’t overlook and every officer should remember it and understand it due to its importance whether we are in uniform or not. I would start by reviewing each single step of the SARA Model and I would apply those to one of the most detestable problems that has been evolving during the past several years and is affecting the safety in our communities: Street Gangs. SCANNING. We have identified the problem.

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This is an increase of nearly 20’000 recorded crimes in just 3 years. Note that these are only the recorded figures. Many more crimes go unreported. This may be because of intimidation, blackmail or embarrassment among many reasons.

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