Humankind has always dreamed of a happy, prosperous life and tried to find stable bases of social relations as well as tried to agree on rules of coexistence. Evidence of this can be found in the most ancient sources. One of the first descriptions of fair social life are in the famous works of ancient Greece thinkers (Hamedi Dashti 2014).
In the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the question of the optimal social structure was embodied in various social projects. The direction of utopian thought, which was firstly produced by the model of the ideal society of Thomas More (1478-1535), started to form. Utopia as a criticism of negative aspects of the social order and as a form of dreams expression, was the embodiment of the deepest need of the human spirit. Utopia reflects the human aspiration to another, "perfect" reality (Marriot 2004).
It is known that the project of Thomas More was inspired in many ways by the ideas of the Plato’s state. Therefore, More’s Utopia, and the works that followed it, presupposed the elimination of private property, equal access to goods and equal distribution, that is, they were built on the basis of
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It would seem that the dream of mankind has been achieved and the evidences of this were the level and quality of life of the population, the scale of social protection, the stability of earnings, the size of pensions, etc. An important point, along with the rates of economic growth, was a presence of a powerful labor movement and voters consisted from a large working class that voted for the leftist parties. These circumstances contributed to the fact that, as a rule, the Social Democrats won the elections. The left-wing governments had a real opportunity to pursue a policy that created conditions for economic growth, increased efficiency, and at the same time ensured a relatively fair distribution of prosperity outcomes between entrepreneurs and