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The Pros And Cons Of Using DSM-IV To Diagnose OCD

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There is a huge debate surrounding the question as to whether or not the DSM - IV has enough validity and reliability to be able to accurately diagnose OCD.
A weakness of using DSM-IV to diagnose OCD is that it has low test retest reliability. Test retest reliability refers to when the same group of participants are tested under the same conditions after a period of time in order to ascertain whether or not they receive the same diagnosis as they did after their original assessment. In support of this study A study was conducted by Woody et al during which he assessed 54 patients (a good representative sample size with regards to OCD) suffering with OCD using the Y-BOCS scale. In which he found that test retest reliability after 48 days wad lower than desirable. This is this is …show more content…

There are many reasons that may why test retest is so unreliable. The symptoms of the patients can change during the test retest period, the patients may exaggerate or downplay their symptoms based on their need for help and life events involving stress may affect their symptoms. due to these factors when they come to be reassessed their diagnosis may change. The fact that test retest's on diagnoses are unreliable is a weakness because it shows that diagnoses' are subjective to certain circumstances and that they are not consistent throughout the medical profession. This is a disadvantage as it a huge impact on patients as they may be wrongly diagnosed and given the wrong treatment resulting in their real condition not being

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b. In the DSM I & II, the name of OCD was Obsessive Compulsive Reaction (APA, 1952) and Obsessive Compulsive Neurosis in the DSM II (APA, 1968). Remaining as Obsessive Compulsive Disorder from DSMIIIR and on. c. DSM I & II did not specify that the patient’s compulsive rituals must take up a lot of time, like over an hour as exemplified

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It is noted in the DSM that individuals with OCD report a strong feeling of disgust when things that trigger compulsions are faced ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013). In order to rectify his routine, Melvin takes the extreme measure to visit Carol’s house because she called off work and disrupted his routine. In an impulsive act like this, he projects himself as weird and obsessive to Carol and is unable to fulfill his request of having a meal served by her. Moreover,with his routine out of line he feels incomplete and has no way of functioning throughout the day. Even while performing the compulsions the people who have OCD feel incomplete and are uneasy until things are deemed as accurate ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

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In the study they found that all subjects had properties that were similar, if not near identical, to those who OCD. The National Institute of Mental Health has a list of all known symptoms of OCD: A few are a fear of germs, a fear of forbidden thoughts, excessive hand washing, compulsive counting, performing rituals to feel momentary relief from stress brought by OCD, and general interference with daily life because of the conditions. OCD is also a genetic trait that has a high chance to be passed down to offspring. In the story both of Qing-Jao’s parents were godspoken, and she was too.

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I enjoyed watching the film “As Good As It Gets” and seeing Jack Nicholson portray the character Melvin, who is diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Melvin’s anxiety level is heightened, as a result of his OCD. Things that tend to increase his anxiety include having a dog or people in his apartment, sitting at another table with another waitress at his favorite restaurant, using the utensils provided by a restaurant, and stepping on cracks in sidewalks. Throughout the film, Melvin goes to great extremes to avoid his fears. A scene that stood out to me in the movie, as showing the true intensity of Melvin’s disorder, was when he went to the restaurant, where he dined regularly, and saw that another couple was sitting at the table where he usually sits.

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Before the DSM was created, psychopathology was still recognized. There are articles written by physicians in ancient societies, such as Hippocrates, discussing abnormal behaviors (Sagepub). In the 19th century Emil Kraepelin began to going towards the direction of the DSM system by creating categories of psychopathology disorders (Sagepub). By 1968, the American Psychiatric Association had created the DSM-I and DSM-II, which were both very similar to each other. The explanations of the disorders in the first two editions of the DSM were vague and not specified in more precise criteria of the individual disorders (Sagepub).

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