8.2.1- In 1097 an estimated 100,000 men enlisted in the first crusade, due to the fact that the pope promised salvation from purgatory if they joined the pilgrimage to Jerusalem to liberate the Holy Land. Peter the Hermit left, to the Holy Land, with 30,000 peasants, they terrorized Jews in Germany, and Christians in Bulgaria, when they got to Constantinople they were transported to Bosphorus and the Seljuk Turks defeated them, and the living were sold into slavery. After a five-week siege Jerusalem fell on July 15, 1099, the first crusade was a success, and because most crusaders were younger sons of nobles (Oldest gets the kingdom), they made four Crusader states based on the French Feudal model: the Country of Edessa, the Principality of Antioch, the Country of Tripoli, and the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. 8.2.2-
The First Crusade was the initial crusade to make an effort to retake the Holy Land. " The Cumans, like all barbarians, being fickle and inconsistent by nature, were persuaded by his arguments and reached Adrianopolis,"
Pope Urban II vs. Arab 3) The First Crusade first started when Pope Urban II was elected to a new position of leadership. He decided to focus on a new cause, which was freeing Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Seljuk Turks. In his speech, Pope Urban II first begins by explaining how he was promised to keep the peace among themselves and to conserve the rights of the church. However, he now understands that they must apply the strength of their righteousness to another matter.
The crusades were a huge thing in the medieval times. They lasted for hundreds of years and people believed it was their religious duty to fight, because they thought it would please God. They were also promised access to heaven, by the pope. The crusades involved three main religions Christianity, Judaism and Islam. I believe that the muslims were more to blame for the crusades, because they posed the first threat, and because they killed and sold many into slavery.
Maybe it was none of these reasons, but you have probably still heard about it. The Crusades or “Holy Wars” was a conflict that lasted over 250 years. They took place in the Middle East, around a city named Jerusalem. Jerusalem was not a normal city though, it was the “Holy land”
The end of the 11th century was the beginning of the first campaign called Crusade, which was later followed by other crusades. It was a period of great fighting for the lands and religious ideologies between Christians and Muslims. In other words it was a period of big changes, when thousands of peasants and soldiers died and a lot of towns were devastated. The first crusade was the biggest movement of Christians to Holy land. In comparison with other campaigns it was the most successful.
The First Crusade resulted in the Roman Catholic Church retaking Jerusalem. The Second Crusade was started as a response of the County of Edessa, a state made by the First Crusade, falling by the forces of the Islamic leader Zengi. This Crusade was created by Pope
Throughout this paper I will be telling you about the First Crusade, the Second Crusade, the Third crusade, and the Children’s Crusade. I will also be telling you about who was involved in each crusade, when each Crusade took place, where the crusade took place, the cause of the crusade (why), the short-term outcomes of the Crusade, and the long-term outcomes of the Crusade. The First crusade involved the Christians from Western Europe and the Muslims. The First Crusade took place during 1096-1099.
The Crusades were expeditions done by the Roman Catholic Church in alliance with Middle-Age Kingdoms and Empires. There were a total of nine Crusades during the period of 1095 to 1291, led by Saladin, Richard I "the Lionheart" of England, Pope Urban II, Frederick I the Holy Roman Emperor, etc. At first, the Crusades were a way to fight back the Muslims for their conquest of Jerusalem. The idea of the Crusade was a very good marketing strategy by Pope Urban II. It was told that any Crusader would be rewarded a place in heaven, and forgiven their sins.
The Crusades intertwine various aspects of history – from war, politics, economics, and diversity on both religious and cultural scales. They are regarded as having lasted from the late eleventh to seventeenth centuries; even since then, they’ve gone on to cast a long shadow over the rest of history. They are uniquely characterized by the key involvement of the church and papacy in the waging of the warfare itself – that which would shift the fight against Muslim expansion into an all-out war for the claiming of Holy Lands. Individual rulers and people fighting for their lands were forced to accept a higher calling – one fought in lands made sacred by Jesus Christ himself.
Although the objective was to recover the holy land from the Muslims, there were also other goals like expanding Christian influence. These wars lasted two centuries, from the years 1093 to 1204, there were four crusades followed by a children's crusade. They had a significant impact on both the Western and the Eastern world's cultural and economic states through cultural exchange and increased trade. The main cause of the Crusades was to reclaim the
This was accepted by two very strong leaders, King Louis VII of France and King Conrad III of Germany, therefore creating the 2nd Crusade. The crusade ranged all over, from Anatolia, Egypt, Levant, to the Iberian Peninsula. It was a surprisingly quick crusade which ended in 1149 with Muslims taking over the Holy Lands. This was the beginning of the fall of the Crusade States, the loss also left Jerusalem barely protected.
A lot of crusaders didn 't even return home, one out of twenty crusaders returned. These are many things that happened in the crusades.
The Crusades of the Middle Ages, while uniting Europe under a common goal, caused a rift between Christians and adherents of other faiths, this along with their brutality caused the crusades to become a controversial episode of European history. The Fourth Crusade, which took off in 1201 and ended tragically in 1204 might be the most controversial of them all. The crusading army, mostly made up of Frenchmen and Venetians, had Egypt as its initial target. However, the crusade was diverted, first to Zara and later to Constantinople. This meant that instead of fighting Muslims, the crusaders ended up battling against fellow Christians.
Roughly 900 years ago, Pope Urban II issued the first holy war known as the Crusades. For the faith and loyalty of their religion, it encouraged thousands of Christian men to take back Jerusalem from the Muslims. Followers of both religions, Christians and Islamic people wanted Jerusalem because of its religious significance and meaning. These battles came to have a profound impact on both societies. The Crusades affected the Middle Ages by contributing to new advancements, led to a decline in the power in the church, and increased the roles of women in society.
