Thyroid disease Essays

Pathophysiology ANAT1066 Case study assessment Case study (b) INTRODUCTION Base on the clinical and laboratory data provided, the patient is suffering from Graves’ disease, a cause of hyperthyroidism which is a type of thyrotoxicosis. Clinical manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD) includes diffuse thyroid enlargement, palpitation and hyperthyroidism (Fukishima et al 2009). Other symptoms are ophthalmophathy which result in exopthalmos (bulging of the eye), and dermopathy (oedema) (mencori

about this disease and also, we will see what is it and what are the symptoms of it and how it can be diagnosed and at the end what are the treatments we can adopt to cure or control this disease. So, all these points are listed below in detail. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an endocrine disorder and it is a autoimmune condition that is the common cause of hypothyroidism or we can say the early stage of hypothyroidism. Body of patients suffering from this disease mounts an immune

suffering from a form of thyroid disease, and sixty percent of them have no idea about their condition. Hypothyroidism accounts for up to ninety percent of thyroid imbalances. How can such as large percentage of people have a disease they are unaware of? There are a number of signs and symptoms related to hypothyroidism or under-active thyroid that can be associated with other conditions. Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone (T4 thyroxine and

when the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. This disease can occur as a congenital disease or acquired due to a primary disease of the thyroid gland. With the decrease amount of thyroid hormone, the body will have some metabolic effects and energy imbalance. Not only can hypothyroidism be a primary diagnosis but it can also be a secondary diagnosis related to other illnesses or diseases that affects the thyroid. Primary diagnosis of hypothyroidism is due to the thyroid gland directly

INTRODUCTION The thyroid is Greek word for “shield shaped” from the shape of the nearby tracheal cartilage. The thyroid gland was named “glandulae thyroidaeae” by Wharton in 1656.[1] The thyroid gland is the source of two fundamentally different types of hormones, produced by thyroid follicles, idothyronine hormone thyroxine (T4) and 3, 5, 3’- triidotyronine (T3). Fig 1.1:- Conversion of T4 to T3 and Reverse T3. 1.1 Regulation of thyroid hormones in human body Thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) are essential

INTRODUCTION Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland. It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid’s secretion of thyroid hormones [Triiodothyronine(T3) and Thyroxine(T4)] is regulated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which is released by the pituitary gland. These hormones regulate the body’s metabolic rate, heart function, brain development, bone maintenance and etc. In Graves’ disease, the immune system creates autoantibodies that mimic the function

Thyroid disorders are abnormal functions of the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are types of thyroid disorders, affecting women older than 60 years more than men with a rate of 24%.1 People who suffer from thyroid disorders experience many symptoms such as a high blood pressure, development of a goiter, and muscle aches. Undiagnosed thyroid disorders people who unknowingly have one of thyroid disorders are approximately 43%, which indicates a high number of people who may experience

the effects of an under active thyroid gland. It involves the choice of remedy, but moreover, it calls upon the patient to do some legwork in their own process of getting well. Masking the Symptoms Will Not Do Why is that, you ask? It comes down to the nature of treatment in allopathic medicine. Western medicine, while unmatched when it comes to treating trauma, uses a method of treating disease with agents designed to produce effects that differ from the disease. In other words, the obvious solution

Meet your thyroid The thyroid gland controls how hard other parts of your body work by producing hormones (chemical messengers) that increase the energy burnt off by almost every tissue and organ.⁶ Hormones produced by the thyroid ensure that your heart pumps properly, that you can breathe and move, and that your liver and kidneys get rid of toxic waste. Thyroid hormones are essential for reproduction and to make sure your baby is healthy. Thyroid hormones help keep you looking well and attrac-

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aim of the study is to find the antioxidant status in hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism otherwise known as under active thyroid. It takes place when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormone for the body need. It is the most common thyroid disorder. It occurs mostly in women and increase with age Material and Methods: 40 subjects were divided into two groups of normal healthy individual ( 20 in numbers ) as Group I and hypothyroidism patients ( 20 in numbers)

Most men lose a lot of hair and become bald as they age. Women, however do not lose so many hair. In exceptional cases, many women also lose hair just like men. Women lose hair due to a number of reasons such as hormonal imbalances, pregnancy, skin diseases, cancer and chemotherapy, iron deficiency, hair shaft abnormalities and twisting and pulling hair too often. Hair also becomes weak due to environmental pollutants and harsh shampoos. Applying too many

used in the treatment of thyroid cancer and is considered one of the most successful types of cancer treatments. Iodine is stored within the thyroid gland of the body. Humans are unable to make iodine so it must be absorbed through food. Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to be able to produce hormones. Iodine deficiency can also be very dangerous and lead to many different health problems. There are many benefits in using Iodine-131, mainly related to the thyroid gland. It can be used to

Research Paper Goiter The disease we were assigned is the condition that results in a Goiter. A goiter can be defined as the swelling of the neck caused by an enlargement of the Thyroid gland. This condition is quite overt as the swelling is obviously visible at the base of the neck. Goiter may occur in different types, therefore having different causes to their development. The Thyroid gland utilizes iodide by using it in conjunction to produce Thyroxin. The thyroid gland is also the only organ

appreciate the thyroid gland, one must understand its importance in controlling metabolism, body temperature, and muscle strength. The thyroid is a butterfly shape gland that sits in front of the throat and it is part of the endocrine system. The thyroid gland produces hormones that influence every organ, tissue, and cell in your body. Such a small gland that controls so many functions in the body. The thyroid gland controls the body’s metabolism, this is how the body uses energy. Thyroid disorders can

cell carcinoma is a rare type of thyroid cancer that has a bad prognosis (outlook). Under the microscope, Hurthle cells are cells that look bigger than the usual follicular cells of the thyroid. There are several options of treatment for this type of thyroid malignancy, but it is important that it is recognized and treated early. Part 1: What Is Hurthle Cell Carcinoma? Hurthle cell carcinoma makes up only about three percent of all cancers affecting the thyroid gland. This neck gland is butterfly-shaped

Thyroid hormone is an essential hormone which requires plasma membrane transport protein to travel into the cells to help the brain function properly throughout the life. Thyroid hormone deficiency leads to hyporeflexia, lethargy, brain damage and etc. depending on onset and duration of time period. Thyroid hormones perform various different roles in life from age to age as people grow from infant to elderly. The mice were mostly used to understand the aspect of thyroid physiology and the thyroid

For a normal growth, many factors are important. If only one component is disturbed, the whole growth process is in the knot and the body is no longer growing. Various influences can interfere with the growth process, both in hormone management and diseases or other external

Where is the thyroid produced and what is the target organs what is the normal function? The thyroid gland located in front of the neck below the Adams apple, produces the thyroid hormone. It targets most tissues. The function of the thyroid hormone (TRH) is to increase the metabolic rate. This leads to an increase in oxygen and heart rate, stimulates appetite increase breakdown of nutrients and promote growth. Production of the thyroid hormone is controlled by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

cause-effect by the aid of receptors. The Thyroid and Normal Anatomy of the Thyroid The thyroid gland is one of the most important organs in the endocrine gland. It weighs between 15 and 20grams and slightly heavier in women. It is red colored, soft and located between the C5 and T1 vertebrae of column vertebral in front of the trachea and below the Larynx. The Thyroid gland consists

of the thyroid gland may happen because of increased TSH levels, or in response to the autoimmune process that occurs in Graves’ disease” (2015, Linda, S Williams, et al). According to the Mayo Clinic “Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the base of your neck just below your Adam's apple” (2014). If you can imagine how skinny your neck is, you can imagine how noticeable an enlargement would be. The thyroid gland is primarily controlled by a hormone called TSH or the thyroid-stimulating