APA IN-TEXT CITATIONS
In-text citations and references are COMPLETELY different things.
1. You must include them IN THE ACTUAL TEXT of your paper ANY time you use information from an outside source.
a. Quote (cite directly after it)
b. Paraphrasing
c. Summary
2. Where do you place a citation?
a. After the information from your sources BUT before the punctuation at the end of the sentence.
This is a summary of something I read in an article (citation).
3. If multiple sentences in a row come from the SAME SOURCE you can put your citation after the LAST sentence in this group, but still before the punctuation.
This is something interesting from my article. This is something else interesting from my article. This is another interesting thing from
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Organization of information IS important and can help you cut down on the number of citations you must include in a paragraph.
WHAT NOT TO DO: This info comes from source 1 (Brown, n.d.). This info comes from source 2 (Green & Blue, 2016). This info comes from source 1 (Brown, n.d.). This info comes from source 3 (Purple, Yellow & Orange, 2013). This info comes from source 2 (Green & Blue, 2016).
WHAT TO DO: This info comes from source 1. This info comes from source 1 (Brown, n.d.). This info comes from source 2. This info comes from source 2 (Green & Blue, 2016). This info comes from source 3 (Purple, Yellow & Orange, 2013).
5. How do I format a citation?
a. Basic Format: (Author Last Name, Year of Publication)
b. 2 Authors: (Author 1 Last Name & Author 2 Last Name, Year of Publication)
c. 3-6 Authors: Author 1 Last Name, Author 2 Last Name & Author 3 Last Name, Year of Publication)
6. What happens when I DON’T have the information I need?
a. If there is no AUTHOR, use the first 3 words of the title in quotes in its place (“Title”, Year of Publication)
b. If there is no AUTHOR and NO TITLE, use the publication name in italics in its place (Publication Name, Year of Publication)
c. If there is NO DATE you must put N.D. in its