Annotated Bibliography On Bullying

Bullying

Keisha McPherson

Phillip Beth Israel School of Nursing

Bullying is a global health and social problem, and it is now recognized as a growing problem in the United States. It is estimated that about 200 million children around the world are being victimized by their peers. In the United States, school bullying has gained increased attention due the media, the internet, and varies cases of homicides and suicides, where bullying was the precipitating factor. Health Professionals, especially the school nurse, have become increasingly aware of the adverse effects of bullying in primary and secondary school. While bullies are likely to suffer from mental health difficulties, the victims of bullying exhibit both physical

316). As discuss in the article “Bullying in School: An Overview of Types, Effects, Family Characters, and Intervention Strategies”, perpetrators commonly share the characteristics of being hot tempered, impulsive, and have a low tolerance for frustration (Smokowski and Kopasz, 2005, p.102). Although perpetrators are predominantly despised by their peers in their adolescence years, in their earlier years perpetrators are popular. There are two types of perpetrators, popular aggressive and unpopular aggressive. The popular aggressive perpetrators tend to socialize with people within their circle. They do not fraternize with other on a lowered social status. Their social expectations consumes them which causes their aggression to emanate. The unpopular aggressive perpetrators use their

There are many forms of bullying, physical, verbal, emotional, or cyber aggression are the main types. Physical bullying include hitting, pushing, or injuring. Verbal bullying include name calling, threatening, or hurtful comments. Emotional bullying include spread rumors, or excluding someone. Cyberbullying uses the internet to post inappropriate photos of someone or send nasty messages. Males and females typically engage in different forms of bullying (Mouttapa et al, 2004, p. 317). Males are more likely to engage in direct physical forms of bullying, whereas females are more often engage in relational and indirect forms of bullying, like spreading rumors, and social