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Compare And Contrast The Biomedical Model Vs Biopsychosocial Model

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The Biomedical Model, the Biopsychosocial Model, using evidence from the lectures, seminars and additional reading, which is the better model of health and why” For this you will need to write about the two different models of health then choose a topic, condition or illness to demonstrate which model would be better
Introduction
This essay will first look at two models of health, the biomedical model and the biopsychological model. Both models will then be applied in relation substance misuse more specifically, heroin addiction and how both models contribute to effectively treating a service user.
This should then demonstrate which model of health would be more beneficial to apply when supporting a person with a substance misuse issue. …show more content…

This natural response is only intended to be for brief periods. So therefore, if a person is experiencing chronic stress, the increased release of adrenaline has implications on the physical health of the person in numerous different ways, such as fatigue, high blood pressure, headaches and so forth. This results in a weakening of the immune system so the person become more susceptible to physical infirmities. (Ader, R. & Cohen, N. …show more content…

This does not suggest that a person’s genes will cause heroin addiction or use, only that once a person has started to use heroin their genomic characteristics may cause them to be much more vulnerable to becoming addicted. After repeated use of heroin physical changes to nerve cells in the brain are apparent. In contrast there is no single causation factor identified for weather or not a person will become addicted to drugs (Fowler et al., 2007).
“Drugs can alter important brain areas that are necessary for life-sustaining functions and can drive the compulsive drug abuse that marks addiction” (Volkow, 2009). A core concept of the biomedical medical model is that drug addiction is a brain disease that manifests over time after the voluntary use of heroin, this results in modifying brain mechanisms that control mood, perception and emotional states causing drug seeking behaviours that interfere with the functioning of the individual (Leshner, 1999). Through medical advances brain imaging studies support physical changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision making, and behaviour control (Fowler et al.,

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Brett Speck Professor Ramos Psychology 140 25 October 2015 Prospective Memory Impairment in Long-term Opiate Users: An Annotated Bibliography Terrett, G., Mclennan, S., Henry, J., Biernacki, K., Mercuri, K., Curran, H., & Rendell, P. (2014). Prospective memory impairment in long-term opiate users. Psychopharmacology, 2623-2632. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-014-3432-6.

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Hi everyone, I have decided to write my paper on an article called "The Likely Causes of Addiction Has Been Discovered, and It Is Not What You Think. " This article was in the Huffington Post and is written by Johann Hari, the author of "Chasing The Scream: The First And Last Days of The War on Drugs." In this article Johann Hari talks about how addiction is caused be a chemical dependency, or so everyone has thought this for all these years. Chemical dependency is caused by a chemically in-balance in the brain, where when one experiences pleasure, serotonin 's are released into the brain which is more like a natural high. Now when a person takes a drug, the drug then replaces those serotonin 's and the brain no longer can produce

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The inevitable fact that addiction is a harmful disease and the recovery process is lifelong that consists of various stages of relapse raises a serious question. What is the duty of an addict in the jurisdiction towards the society? In the light of the legal standard, patient who is competent and incompetent is evaluated through the relevant questions of his or her desires at the present time, a living will, and the legal capability of forming a will. Furthermore, drug-addicts may be currently not competent but were formerly competent, and to explore the variable of declaration of the desires with regard to extraordinary means of treatment, is necessary (Harris, 2008, p. 244).

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In the alarm phase the body recognizes the stressor and responds by preparing for fight or flight. The body’s reactions are numerous and complex and will be briefly summarized. The hypothalamus located in the brain sends a message to the pituitary gland to release its hormones and this triggers the adrenal glands to release adrenaline” (Castro, 2015, p.377-382). The physiological symptoms that I have experienced include anxiety, tension, and worry and then these leads to the physical reactions of stress which include the alarm phase where the “body prepares for fight or flight, the resistance phase when the body attempts to return to homeostasis, and the third phase of exhaustion occurs when he body remains in a state of high stress for an extended period of time and is unable to repair damage” (Zastrow, 2015, p.377-380).

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Psychological Assessment and Management of Chronic pain Evaluating a chronic pain condition from a biological perspective is limiting, and often fails to fully explain the patient’s symptoms. In contrast to the biomedical model, which explains pain purely in terms of pathophysiology, the biopsychosocial model views pain, suffering and disability, as the result of dynamic interactions among biological, psychological, behavioral, social, cultural and environmental factors. Consequently, assessment requires not only the examination of the biological dimension, but of the psychological and social dimensions as well. A patient’s experience of pain and response to any treatment for pain are affected not only by biologically determined nociceptive (nervous system transmission) processes, but also by psychological factors such as mood (for example, depression, anxiety) and appraisals (thoughts and beliefs about the pain), as well as by psychosocial factors such as the responses of others (for example, family, friends,

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Beautiful Boy: A Story of Addiction Through the Family’s Eyes Addiction is defined as, “a chronic but, treatable brain disorder.” The relentless need for drugs is trait an addict cannot control, since the make up of their brain has been altered. This in turn causes psychological and behavioral changes they cannot normalize. Recovery is the hardest part of addiction and many times individuals relapse and go back to using substances.

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Biological evidence has shown to correlate drug use and dopamine, a neurotransmitter in the brain. As drug use increases,

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Identifying and understanding these factors that influence an additions onset, severity, and course is different from diagnosing addictions. The DSM has a separated diagnosis from etiology. Essentially this concept gives practitioner a better understanding of the factors associated with an individual’s addiction. An effective treatment and prevention efforts consider the range for factors involved and address those most likely to yield results that are beneficial for the particular person or

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The Biopsychosocial model (Suls & Rothman, 2004) is one of the earliest multi-dimensional models of the health field. This model demonstrates the interaction between biological and social factors in regard to disease analysis. It displays levels above and below a person arranged from global systems at the top and genetic systems at the bottom. In the Social and Behavioral Foundations of Public Health, Coreil (2010) describes how the biopsychosocial is more concerned with the biological systems within the human body and pays greater attention to this interplay. In the case study, Cockerham (2013) details how social conditions act as the ultimate causes of diabetes and diabetes related fatalities in the community of East Harlem.

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The Biopsychosocial Model The biopsychosocial model of health care allows medical practice to be understood completely in terms of biological, psychological and social factors. The model suggests that every illness can be explained and treated by an interaction between these three factors. The model was proposed by George L. Engel, the Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Rochester, where he challenged the previously prevailing medical model, called the biomedical model, and argued for the introduction of a biopsychosocial model. The biomedical model had viewed illness purely from a pathophysiological perspective, suggesting that every disease could be explained from a biological standpoint.

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(Brick, 2004, para 3). When a substance enters a human body it affects more than just the stomach, liver, or brain, it affects the entire body. Every human body was designed with a purpose and plan by God. Depending on the person, there is a decision of whether to take care of the body and follow that plan. In summary, addiction and substance abuse can affect the entire quality of a person’s

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As a young girl, I simply thought that doctors just treated diseases. When one was sick they went to the doctor, the doctor diagnosed them and gave them a suitable treatment. However, as a first year medical student I now know that this is not the case. In modern society doctors don’t treat diseases- they treat the people who have the diseases. It’s not just medical students or people in the medical profession who know this- modern society as a whole has come to accept the fact that doctors are no longer medical scientists but carers who put their patients needs first and not the disease or illness they may have.

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Despite the seemingly blatant root of addiction, that the affliction is the fault of drugs on the biochemical level, a more obscure, more habitual factor is at fault; the environment. As much as it may seem that we can place the blame upon the shoulders of those who are willfully partaking in such damaging habits, in reality it is more the fault of the environment the abuser finds themselves thrust in. As one is raised in a tumultuous environment, in which they know not what is happening nor why it is happening, drugs can seem to be a welcome escape. Be it anywhere from rats in an electrified cage overdosing on morphine, to prisoners confined to solitary confinement, drugs are sought after to alleviate the horrid circumstances. A Psychologist by

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The awareness of stress was increased after World War II when it was noticed that many routine life events like examinations, growing up increases stress and leads to dysfunction (Lazarus, 1993). The word stress was used by Hans Selye for the first time to explain the effects of threats that disturbs homeostasis (Chrousos, 1992; Selye, 1978). Walter B. Cannon explained the role of adrenal glands and sympathetic nervous system in maintenance of body equilibrium after exposure to threat. Hans Selye’s observation -” common feeling of being sick” in patients with different diseases laid path for definition of stress. He defined stress as a set of non-specific responses collectively called as” General Adaptation Syndrome”.

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Chronic stress really ruins your body, Acute and Episodic have a small effect, but can still be dangerous if not taken care of. Common effects of stress on the body are headaches, chest pain, fatigue, stomach upset and at risk for a heart attack , it is also proven that being stressed can bring on or worsen diseases (Mayo 1). The first symptoms are usually the physical symptoms, noticing pain that hasn’t happened before. As time goes on and the stress gets worse, people will start to see mental and behavior changes in their everyday life. With the behavior changes in the body, it is hard to control what is happening.

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