Critical Thinking Summary And Analysis

Educators have long seen critical thinking as a desirable educational outcome. More recently, the Partnership for 21st Century Skills has identified critical thinking as one of several skills necessary to prepare students for post-secondary education and the workforce.

Education is the tip of the spear in improving the quality of human resources. The adjustment of education with the needs of the days should be one of the steps taken by educators to improve the quality of human resources. One thing that should be owned by the students in this modern era is the ability to think critically (Kemendikbud, 2013). Critical thinking skills are one of the high-order thinking skills other than the ability to problem-solving, decision-making, and creative

"Meanwhile, according to Ennis (1997), critical thinking is reflective and reasoned thinking that focuses on determining what people believe or do. Agboeze et al (2013) stated that critical thinking will help students to acquire characteristics such as perseverance, flexibility, metacognition, open-mindedness, transfer of knowledge, problem-solving orientation, and the use of the quality and independence of the desired characteristics of the modern labor. Given the importance of the ability to think critically, there needs to be equal treatment in learning so that can improve the ability to think critically learners. One of them is to use a learning model that embraces constructivist theory. This is in line with the opinion of Duron & College (2006), who said that it is important that teachers give thoughtful consideration to the current teaching methods and encourage their personal beliefs before planning a particular approach to teaching. Applying critical thinking framework clearly requires a commitment to be active, student-centered learning, at least initially may be somewhat unfamiliar and uncomfortable for both students and teachers. Thomas (2009) also said in his journal that the pedagogical approach that focuses on the student and the learning process is

Conceptual understanding is to make the concept clearer for students, allow students to associate with the concept, make connections more complex to science, prevent memorization, and improve performance. Stanovich et al (2008) found that there is a partial simulation between the heuristics and biased against the task assignment syllogism. In addition to some of these benefits, the strategy heuristics can also improve the ability to think logically. Logical thinking will help students to think more realistically and openly. Critical thinking is closely related to students’ outcome, especially on the subjects that require development framework or concept based on experience or knowledge. Seriti et al (2013) found that a group of students who are taught by heuristic learning strategies have better learning outcomes than the group of students who are taught by algorithmic learning strategies on the subjects of Information and Communication Technology. From the research Mutai et al (2014) and Seriti et al (2013) showed that the heuristic is a model of discovering or inventing based on the experience and knowledge is effective in improving critical thinking skills and learning