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Effect of enzyme concentration on kinetics
Effect of enzyme concentration on kinetics
Enzyme kinetics dtermining the effect of enzyme concentration activity
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The purpose of this project is to further test the effect of pH levels, and how they affect the production of enzymes. The hypothesis for this experiment was the more basic the ph buffer the high the activity of the enzyme. The more acidic the pH buffer the less activity of the enzyme. The first time the experiment was done with only three pH levels that were tested. That helped find the range of pH levels that were needed to test the second time.
The effect of pH on the speed of enzyme interaction with substrate chemicals Hypothesis: About pH: If the pH level is less than 5, then the speed of the enzyme reaction will be slower. About temperature: If the temperature stays the same, then the speed of the enzyme reaction will not be completely affected. Background information: The function of enzymes is to speed up the biochemical reaction by lowering the activation energy, they do this by colliding with the substrate.
LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Natalie Banc Instructor: Elizabeth Kraske Date: 09.26.2016 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3.
An enzyme can not be considered a reactant because, like catalysts, the enzyme is never used up in the reaction and is reused again in another chemical reaction. In this lab, the source of hydrogen peroxidase was the potato solution. The substrate that the hydrogen peroxidase acts upon is the hydrogen peroxide.
It was hypothesized that the optimal pH for the enzyme was pH 7 while the 1.0 ml peroxidase would have the best reaction rate. At the end of the experiment the results prove the hypothesis to be incorrect. INTRODUCTION Enzymes are proteins that allow a reaction to speed up. These proteins are made up of monomers known as amino acids.
LABORATORY REPORT Activity: Enzyme Activity Name: Natalie Banc Instructor: Elizabeth Kraske Date: 09.22.2016 Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 6 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3. Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity 1. Dependent Variable amount of product (glucose and fructose) produced 2.
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions enabling more products to be formed within a shorter span of time. Enzymes are fragile and easily disrupted by heat or other mild treatment. Studying the effect of temperature and substrate concentration on enzyme concentration allows better understanding of optimum conditions which enzymes can function. An example of an enzyme catalyzed reaction is enzymatic hydrolysis of an artificial substrate, o-Nitrophenylgalactoside (ONPG) used in place of lactose. Upon hydrolysis by B-galactosidase, a yellow colored compound o-Nitrophenol (ONP) is formed.
After record your data and determine the absolute rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Based on the data and observations the hypothesis was accepted. It was accepted because when pH were changed to a variety of levels the transmittance began to get higher reaction rates. The increased absorbance means greater amount of product and a higher reaction rate will be produced.
Enzymes are proteins that significantly speed up the rate of chemical reactions that take place within cells. Some enzymes help to break large molecules into smaller pieces that are more easily absorbed by the body. Other enzymes help bind two molecules together to produce a new molecule. Enzymes are selective catalysts, meaning that each enzyme only speeds up a specific reaction. The molecules that an enzyme works with are called substrates.
Introduction: Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction without being chemically changed. Enzymes are globular proteins that contain an active site. A specific substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme chemically and structurally (4). Enzymes also increase the rate of a reaction by decreasing the activation energy for that reaction which is the minimum energy required for the reaction to take place (3). Multiple factors affect the activity of an enzyme (1).
H20 + 2 O2 This experiment will use 1% catalase solution and 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, both diluted into water so the reaction slows down. Temperature will be controlled in this experiment to change the reaction speed of the enzyme and the substrate, this is what the experiment is looking at. The effect of the temperature will be determined by how much gas is released in two minutes, which will change the pressure inside the test tube and will be measured by a gas
Abstract: The possibility of ACTH being involved in the peroxidase -ascorbate system for the synthesis of progesterone. Rapid depletion of AA under the action of ACTH is known to be a donor in peroxidase reaction. Key Words: Adrenal, ACTH, Hypophysectomy,Peroxidase-Ascorbate System, Progesterone Introduction: ACTH has a major role in the synthesis of progesterone which is known to be a precursor of several steroid hormones including androgens,estrogens and corticoids (Gorbman & Bern,1974).ACTH is also known to cause depletion of adrenal ascorbate and cholesterol in the hypophysectomized rat (Tyslowitz,1943; Sayers et al.,1946) which is shown to occur within minutes of ACTH injection and to exhibit a characteristic time sequence. Administration
This is indicated as the graph shows that the initial reaction rate for pH 7 was 0.143 %O2/s compared to 0.047 and 0.053 for pH 6 and 8 respectively. Additionally, Figure 3 indicates that as the pH increases or decreases from 8 and 6 respectively the initial rate of reaction decreases marginally. This is known as the initial rate of reaction for pH 4 and 10 was 0.036 and 0.035 %O2/s, indicating an unsubstantial difference in the initial rate of reaction; for pH 4 and 6 of 0.011 %O2/s and pH 8 and 10 of 0.018 %O2/s. As the pH deviates from 7 the initial rate of reaction decreases as the optimal pH for catalase is 7. As the pH increases or decreases the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in the solution are altered. These ions alter the shape of the enzyme diminishing the ability for hydrogen peroxide to bind with the active sight of the catalase enzyme in turn decreasing
Introduction 1.1 Aim: To determine the kinetic parameters, Vmax and Km, of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme through the determination of the optimum pH and temperature. 1.2 Theory and Principles (General Background): Enzymes are highly specific protein catalysts that are utilised in chemical reactions in biological systems.1 Enzymes, being catalysts, decrease the activation energy required to convert substrates to products. They do this by attaching to the substrate to form an intermediate; the substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme. Then, another or the same enzyme reacts with the intermediate to form the final product.2 The rate of enzyme-catalysed reactions is influenced by different environmental conditions, such as: concentration
They can only quicken reactions that will eventually occur, but this enables the cell to have a productive metabolism, routing chemicals through metabolic pathways. Enzymes are very specific for the reactions they catalyze; they make sure the chemical processes go in the cell at any given time. Peroxidase was the enzyme being testing in this experiment. A peroxidase is an enzyme that acts as catalysts, which occurs in biological systems. Peroxidase is found in plants, which they play a role in helping to minimize damage caused by stress factors or insect pests.
