Memory; the faculty by which the brain stores important information. We use our memory in many different ways. Before technology existed, people relied on their memory to remember everything. However as technology developed and became more advanced, it brought ease on us because now, instead of remembering everything, we have multiple resources to assist us in this. When trying to remember important information for a test or trying to remember a poem that you have to recite by memory, the classic method used is repetition.
They are called, Long term memory and Short term memory/working memory. With Long term memory, you are able to remember things from your past and past events as well as key terms that you may have learned in the past. An example of this in my life would be, remembering knowledge that I first learned in school and still being able to remember it, such as my multiplication table. The second one, Short term memory/working memory would be used when you are only remembering some information and using it for a short time frame. Working memory would be when you are using both short term and long term to do sudden actions.
There are two types of long term memory declarative and procedural. Longterm declarative memory is stored in the hippocampus of the brain, any damage to this part of the brain would cause one the inability to form new memories. Procedure memories are stored in the cerebellum (Parts of Brain 2015) . Working memory and the ability to retrieve information is in the prefrontal cortex. Also in the prefrontal lobe, different parts than the working memory, is the semantic and episodic memory.
Scientists say that the short term memory is located in the prefrontal cortex, it is the site that is activated when we are using our working memories. So exactly what kind of work goes on in this area? One important process is the application of memory strategies. Some people wonder how do doctors actually test for short term memory loss is that they medical history test and then ask a few questions to the patient. Some exams include cognitive testing to check the patient’s mental status and his or her ability to think.
The hippocampus is responsible for transferring short term memory to long term memory. It is one of the few parts of the
People believe that memory can retrieve the information and they can give the response to the information. We have two parts of memory which are the long-term memory and short-term memory. Long-term memory can keep information in a long time and the capacity for this memory is unlimited. its storage stretches from a few moments ago to as far back as one can remember.
Each person's memories are unique to each individual. There are specific regions in the brain that hold memories: the hippocampus, the neocortex, and the amygdala. These areas of the brain are responsible for the storage and retrieval of memory. Many psychologists used the terms “hardware” and “software” to describe the brain's memory system. Long-term memory includes memories of personal life events, facts, and information.
Memories are the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information. Memories help shape and fold the way we live and experience certain things that occur in our lives. I believe that memories help people in their efforts to las from the past and succeed in the present. Memories occur from experiences in your life and things you’ve done. This is beneficial because it could help you to better judge a future scenario and make better decisions in the future.
How reliable are the two models or theories of the cognitive process of memory, “|…|the process of maintaining information over time” (Matlin, 2005) , known as the multistore model (MSM) and the levels of processing model (LOP)? Both of these models have been widely criticized, but simultaneously they have improved our knowledge and understanding of how the process of memory works. In this essay both of these models of memory will be evaluated by presenting the strengths and limitations of each. The first model, the multistore model, was put forward by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) which suggests that the concept of memory involves three stores; the sensory stores, the short-term store (STS), and the long-term store (LTS).
There are two types of long-term memory, implicit (non-declarative), and explicit (declarative). Implicit memory, which is also known as non-declarative memory, is referred to as memory that we have developed from life experiences and behaviors based on previous skills we have mastered, and it does not require consciousness. Implicit memory is broken down into procedural memory and priming memory. Procedural memory is retaining the knowledge from the skills and behaviors we have learned, and priming is when your memory is improved from the same stimulus. An example of implicit memory is when you have learned a certain skill, such as riding a bicycle, it’s hard to explain how to do it, but you can basically do it in your sleep.
If everything was stored in our long-term memory it would take a while to retrieve what is needed (mostly because we would not have our short term memory to help sort it out), and if everything was stored into our short term memory, we would forget things all the time (we would be comparable to goldfish). This would probably create dysfunctional humans. We would lack the ability to remember things like speech, facts, and the ability to walk without constantly thinking about how to do it. Finally, with different types of memory, we have the ability to filter what we remember, even if it requires a little effort on our behalf (Goldstein, E.B., 2015, Cognitive Psychology: Connecting Mind, Research, and Everyday
To start with the basis of understanding the memory, one must know that memories are stored in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. In a recent fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) study over the past decade, researchers found that the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex have decreased in activity. The memory is a constructive surface and not so much reproductive. It can be distorted by being influenced by bias, association, imagination and peer pressure. As one goes to recall an event, the brain will now associate that memory with what is happening around them at the time of the recall.
If information stored in the short-term memory is not learned and given attention, it will decay over time (Schunk 2012, p. 183). The short-term memory has a small capacity, and large amounts of information cannot all be stored (Schunk 2012, p. 183). To make it esier, information can be shortened or broken up to fit it in the short-term memory (Schunk 2012, p. 183). Information that is used will be transferred into the long-term store/ long-term memory (Schunk 2012, p. 183). There are different strategies to strengthen the memory of information from short-term to long-term.
Introduction According to information processing model, short term memory has a limited capacity to hold information (Atkinson & Shriffin, 1968). The span of short term memory is said to be limited to about seven items (+2) (Miller, 1956 as cited in Terry, 2000). Short-term memory is also an active memory where we do our active memory processing (Lefrancois, 2000). For this reason, several researches have called the short term memory the working memory store (Gordon, 1989).
It involves conscious effort to recall and can be either be episodic or semantic. The other is procedural memory. It is usually the natural response to the surroundings, such as how to ride a bicycle or play the instrument. This type of long term memory can be remembered without consciously think about it.
