More handpicked essays just for you.
Similarities and differences of the humanistic and psychoanalytic perspectives
Compariing humanistic approach to another approach psychology
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Sometimes this approach is called phenomenological because personality is studied from the point of view of the individual’s subjective experience. Abraham Maslow can be regarded as the father of humanistic psychology. In the 1960's, his ideas were considered as ridiculous whereas today they are highly regarded and considered important across so many different areas. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs presents the image of the individual having the ability to reach a level of self-actualization which is the highest form that an individual can achieve.
Humanism is a philosophical movement that emphasizes the personal worth of the individual and the importance of human values (Friedman & Schustack, 2012, p.290). This approach emphasizes the special active and aware quality of human beings. Maslow believed that each person seeks to grow psychologically and continuously improving themselves. This leads to the term self-actualization, which is the innate process by which one tends to grow spiritually and realize ones potential (Friedman & Schustack, 2012, p.301). Maslow studied many personalities of people who he considered to be healthy, creative and productive.
(Page 8 &9) 9. A: A. The Humanistic Perspective is a school that believes, unlike the Psychodynamic Perspective, that the study of psychology should focus in on only the conscious experiences. They believe that we should only study and read into the behaviors that we can see, even if they can’t be measured. (Page 9 & 10)
There are multiple subfields when it comes to psychology. The subfields that I will be discussing are biological psychology, developmental psychology, personality psychology, cognitive psychology, social psychology, cultural psychology, industrial/organizational psychology, and clinical psychology. Biological psychology, in simple terms, is when you take in account biological characteristics to understand the behavior of animals and people and how they affect one’s mentality. Biological psychology can be researched in many different ways and for many different reasons. Some ways it can be researched is by debilitating or increasing neural function, evaluating the nervous system’s activity, or by using different genetic manipulation/studying methods.
A humanist will most likely stay far from wondering about Jake’s past experiences as far as finding an origin. A humanist will focus on the idea that Jake and all people want to self-promote and do well but they simply cannot if their basic needs are not met. Looking at Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, they may ask Jake if his basic needs are being met, for example sleeping, eating, food, water. If they find that Jake is in fact having a hard time sleeping they may conclude that this is the cause of Jake not being able to succeed in higher level studies thus causing his anxiety. If they were to treat this they may suggest and find types of needs that Jake is not fulfilling and give him tips on how to strengthen that.
Humanistic therapy is developed by Carl Rogers, where it helps client to understand their feelings, gain a sense of meaning in life, and reach self-actualization. Humanistic therapies also encourage clients to be more definite and improve self-awareness and targets on client’s growth, self- development and
Humanistic, or person-centred, approach originated with Carl Rogers in the early 1940s. Rogers believed "It is the client who knows what hurts, what directions to go, what problems are crucial, what experiences have been deeply buried'' (Rogers, 2012, p. 11). This makes the dynamic between helper and client much more equal compared to other forms of therapy, such as psychodynamic. It relies on creating a bond of trust between client and counsellor by using the key concepts of empathy, which allows a helper to understand the client's feelings and experiences, congruence, when the counsellor is genuine and open, and unconditional positive regard, in which the counsellor values and accepts the client. Using these key concepts Rogers believed the
The population this theory applies to all ethnicities, religions, races, orientations, social economic status and abilities .The school this theory is related to the Humanistic School of Thought. Humanistic School of thought , is the concept of the practitioner viewing the client circumstance through the client eyes and their personal view. The major theorist that is associated with the theory is Carl Rogers. The main goal is to eliminate any issues that the client may have that could deter them to reach their full potential.
Roger’s Humanist Theory believes, “That humans are innately good and that they are growth oriented,” (Nye, pg. 105, 2000). Due to the fact that this theory has the belief that individuals are inherently good, Beth’s negative behaviors are not part of her personality, but formed out of her early childhood environment. The Humanistic approach also states, to reach self-actualization, the environment surrounding an individual must be nurturing (Sougstad, Humanistic Psychology, 2018); Beth was not afforded with this type of environment, explaining her negative and harmful behaviors towards her family. In addition, the Humanistic Theory also concludes, “Humans basically need and want both personal fulfillment and close, intimate relationships with others,” (Nye, Pg. 98, 2000). Referring back to Beth’s early childhood environment again, the lack of an appropriate, intimate and caring relationship between her and her biological parents left her without the needed environment to fully develop.
If anything, that stands in the way, like depression can make the person stuck in one of the steps to self-actualization. One of the biggest things that someone in the humanistic theory is that if a parent doesn’t not show the child their worth than the child will start to see themselves as worthless. They will start to develop a negative thought of themselves which then will cause depression and failure to live up to people’s standards, which is what my friend feels like. Before my friend admitted that she had depression she would go months with telling herself that she didn’t have depression and trying to avoid it with all costs. This is what humanistic theory also sees depression as.
The Humanistic approach was founded in the 1950s by American psychologists Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) and Carl Rogers (1902-1987). Humanism is a psychological perspective that focuses on the study of the whole person.
Humanistic psychology views humans as holistic individuals capable of determining their own behaviors and goals. Four fundamental Assumptions: 1. All humans have free will and not all behavior is determined by unconscious forces or stimulus response. They can make conscious choices and decisions. They can change their action and environment for their own personal improvement.
They sit face to face while clinician listens their words while analysis their behavior. Another thing I learned about humanistic psychology is that Abraham Maslow the founder of humanistic psychology believed that free will is important and created a hierarchy. The hierarchy divided into five parts: psychological,
According to Wagner, humanistic approach is primarily a reaction to the two major views of humanity which are the Freudian perspective and the behavioral perspective thus humanitaristic approach is the “third force”. Humanistic approach highly gives emphasis to the individual that learning how to learn is more important than acquiring factual knowledge. Teachers can play their role in helping the students how to learn and their thinking gives emphasis rather than teachers’ teaching determination.
With the aid of the two counseling theories, Roger’s personality theory and Adlerian personality theory, I managed to make a personal self-reflection on my values, attitudes, beliefs and how became who am I today. I certainly have an affinity for humanistic approach because it emphasized that every person has their own unique way to perceive and make sense of world. It also focused more understanding people’s subjectivity. The theory under humanistic approach that helped to reflect and gain insight about myself is Carl Roger’s personality theory. The reason I chose this theory because I feel it holds true to my personality development compared and I like his concept and emphasis on the importance of the self-actualizing tendency in shaping human personalities.
