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Essay Comparing The Parthenon In Athens And The Pantheon

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The Parthenon in Athens and the Pantheon in Rome are two of the most famous ancient buildings in the world, serving as iconic examples of the culture and heritage of Greece and Rome, respectively. Both buildings were constructed for religious purposes, but their styles and functions reflect the unique characteristics of each civilization and highlight the similarities and differences between ancient Greece and Rome.

The Parthenon was built in the 5th century BCE in the city of Athens, Greece (Reed College, n.d.). It was dedicated to the goddess Athena and served as a temple for her worship. The Parthenon is a prime example of the classical Greek architectural style, characterized by its use of columns, pediments, and intricate sculptures (Reed College, n.d.). The building's façade is symmetrical, with eight columns at the front and back and seventeen columns on each side (Reed College, n.d.). The sculptures on the pediments and friezes depict myths and legends, offering a visual representation of Greek mythology and reinforcing the religious significance of the building (Reed College, n.d.). …show more content…

It was originally used as a temple for the worship of the gods and was later converted into a church in the 7th century (Smart History, n.d.). The Pantheon is a prime example of Roman architectural style, which incorporated elements from Greek and Etruscan architecture (Smart History, n.d.). The building is famous for its dome, which is made of concrete and is considered one of the greatest engineering feats of the ancient world (Smart History, n.d.). The Pantheon's interior is circular, with a dome that rises to a height of 143 feet, making it one of the largest unsupported concrete domes in the world (Smart History,

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The most specific features of this building are the columns. One of the first people to use columns, the Greeks used such distinct features on their monuments, such as the Parthenon. Yet another celebrated art form is perhaps one of the most famous pieces of ancient Greek art. Myron’s marble sculpture of The Discus Thrower, represents the Olympic events and also demonstrates many of the Greek morals. (Document 8)

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“The purpose of the building is not known for certain but the name, porch and pediment decoration suggest a temple of some sort. However, no cult is known to all of the gods and so the Pantheon may have been designed as a place where the emperor could make public appearances in a setting which reminded onlookers of his divine status, equal with the other gods of the Roman pantheon and his deified emperor predecessors.” (Cartwright, Mark. " Pantheon.") This temple also has an illusion of space despite the building materials being made of heavy concrete walls.

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If you have never had the opportunity to see the Parthenon in Greece and the Pantheon in Italy, it’s possible that the similarity of the names would lead you to believe that they are the same or, at least, almost identical. While it is true that certain elements of the buildings mirror each other, there are major differences in their structures and functions. The architecture of each reflects the cultural ideals of the times. After the Greeks overcame the Persian invasion, Athens became the head of all of the Greek city-states. During this period, the country enjoyed peace and great prosperity.

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The Athenians accomplished great feats of architecture. The Parthenon, costing over 3 Billion dollars in today's time, it is considered on of the marvels of the Ancient World. The Parthenon was originally built as a massive upscale Greek temple but has gone through many changes over the ages. It had vast amounts of gold and silver as well as a monumental statue of Athena. The temple, wrote John Julius Cooper, "enjoys the reputation of being the most perfect Doric temple ever built.

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The temple was also used as a treasury and a place to store important religious artifacts. The Pantheon, on the other hand, was dedicated to all the gods and was intended as a place of worship for the Roman people. The temple was also used as a gathering place for important civic and religious ceremonies, and its dome was seen as a symbol of the power and authority of

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Both buildings are dedicated to our own version of a ruler. The Lincoln Memorial was dedicated to President Lincoln. The Parthenon was dedicated to the Greek Goddess Athena. Another thing they have in common is some of the

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The structure itself has a plan that is circular and a portico at the front featuring Corinthian columns. The enormous dome that tops the building is an impressive technical achievement and represents Roman architectural inventiveness (Ranogajec, 2022). The Pantheon's original purpose wasn't solely religious, in contrast to the Parthenon. It was utilized as a place of worship for all of the deities worshipped in ancient Rome.

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Both have a variety of additional cultural interpretations. The Pantheon is portrayed as type of architectural reflection of Roman imperial domination; whereas the Parthenon is seen as a triumph monument and a symbol of Athenian might (Dennis, 2021).Both of these famous structures were formerly churches in the middle Ages, and have seen some degree of devastation and reconstruction. The Pantheon is a circular building with a portico supported by granite Corinthian columns. Its Roman concrete dome weighs 4535 metric tons. It is made from several materials, including marble, granite, concrete, and brick (Diffen, n.d.).

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Two very important historic buildings from the Greek and Roman civilizations, namely the Parthenon and the Pantheon respectively, are worthy of academic exploration. An analysis of their function and style will help to put their design and features into perspective, and create a better appreciation for their emulation in Western civilization. These buildings possess very unique individual characteristic designs, which bears testimony to the societies from which they originate. However, they are also a resourceful database of knowledge in terms of their symbolism, rich heritage of their era and application to the present civilization.

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The inscription in the front of Pantheon reads; M Agrippa L F Cos Terium Fecit”or“Marcus Agrippa built this when he was consul, the building was burnt down except its façade and Emperor Hadrian rebuilt it at same site in 126 AD. The building was later given to Pope Poniface IV in 609 AD and converted to a Christian church which saved it from destruction and looting. It was later used as a tomb in the Renaissance and is the location of some royal

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The Parthenon and the Altes Museum have been significantly important architectural buildings throughout this whole period of time. The Parthenon was built between 447 and 438 B.C in the Acropolis of Athens in Greece, by Iktinos and Kallikrates. It represents the culmination of classical Greek architecture and its search for perfection. The greatest German neoclassical architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel (1781-1841) designed the Altes Museum in Berlin, which was opened in 1830. In his design, Schinkel linked architectural motifs from Greek and Roman antiquity and incorporated them into the museum.

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The Pantheon was first built with a rectangular plan but when Hadrian came in 125AD and rebuilt it, he added a dome. Currently, the Pantheon is used as both a church and also a historical heritage site. On the other hand, the Brunelleschi 's Dome is part of the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fiore, and it is one of the biggest churches in Florence which is in Italy (Mainstone, 1997). The construction of the church began in 1296

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through 432 B.C while that of Pantheon was constructed much later in 126AD. The difference in the time of construction suggests the reason Pantheon building is looking more recent than the Parthenon building. The Parthenon building is located in Athens while Pantheon is located in Rome. The Column pillars of Parthenon was made of Doric and ironic order while Pantheon was built with Corinthians columns. Granite columns used in the Pantheon building were actually quarried in Egypt while the columns of Parthenon building were constructed in Athens with all the sculptural work of art (Moore, 2004; Silverman,

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While in the Roman architecture, their temples which were named Pantheon were a mix of the Etruscan and Greek styles but

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The Parthenon in Athens and the Pantheon in Rome depict the splendor of these two cultures. Starting with the Parthenon, it was completely constructed in 432 B.C.E by the architects Iktinos and Kallikrates to honor the Athen’s patron deity, Athena, and to house her statue. It is rectangular and consisted of a series of Doric columns. However, it is a mixture of the Doric and Ionic orders. The Pentelic marble, bronze, gold, and ivory are the basic media used in this construction.

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