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Sigmund freud and understanding human development
Sigmund freud and understanding human development
Freud psychosocial development
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The ego seeks gratification unconsciously but in accordance with what is known as the reality principle, and the superego extends from the ego and is the part that makes us feel good when we uphold certain values unconsciously passed on from our parents. Freud also came up with developmental stages that serves as a basis to show where a person is at developmentally or if they are stuck at a certain stage in life. These stages are known as the oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages of life. People are given challenges and go through life facing different situations and based on Freud’s stages, a person will either become fixated to one stage or progress moving throughout all of the stages. However, a person can also revert to an earlier stage of life if the adjustments are
In the essay, The Formation and Structure of the Human Psyche, by William Siegfried, the concept of the id, ego and superego prevails as a significant part of everyday life. Siegfried states, “The Id is the unorganized part of the psyche that contains a human’s instinctual drives. The Id is the only part of the psyche that is present at birth and it is the source of our bodily needs, wants, desires, and impulses; particularly our sexual and aggressive drives” (1) Siegfried reiterates Freud’s ideology behind the theory as he elaborates on the presence of an id. The id is the childish aspect of everyone’s mind. It is the part of an individual’s brain that wants everything and has no restrain on letting out this feeling.
Freud proposed that the human mind is comprised of three main parts: the Id, Ego, and Superego (Jacobson). The Id is utterly unconscious, and is the section of humans that ensures basic needs are fulfilled. The Id is concerned with instant gratification and instinctive traits, all of which are present at birth. The Ego connects the Id to reality and works to control and rein in the Id’s chaotic nature. It is the mediator between the person and reality (Hinsie, Campbell “Ego”).
Psychodynamic theorists believe that behavior is determined by underlying psychological forces that persons are not aware. Freud formulated the psychodynamic model and developed his theory of psychoanalysis to explain normal and abnormal psychological functioning. Freud believed that there were three forces that shaped personality one being the Id, which operated on the pleasure principle and had instinctual needs, drives and impulses. The Ego, which seeks gratification, however is guided by the reality principle, meaning that it employs reason that guides us in knowing when we can and cannot express the Id impulses. The last is the Super Ego, which serves as our conscience and decides what is right and wrong.
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) believed in a psychodynamic approach to psychology and focused on how the unconscious mind motivates the actions of a person. He believed that the psyche was divided into three parts (tripartite), the id, the ego and the superego, and all three develop at different stages in our lives. Whether we acknowledge the presence of this subconscious or not, it influences greatly the actions we engage in. The id (it), according to Freud, is the part of the brain that seeks pleasure, and is the most primitive part that makes up the personality.
Psychodynamic perspectives are defined as ideal views stating that personality is unconscious. According to Sigmund Freud 's psychoanalytic theory, sex was the heart of all human activity. However, Freud’s definition of sex was “anything that provided organ pleasure”. Freud developed his approach to personality, by working with his patients that had hysteria. By listening and observing them, he came to the conclusion that everything that is done, had an unconscious cause.
‘Freud explored the human mind more thoroughly than any other who became before him, he was one of the most influential people of the twentieth century, his legacy has even influenced the way people bring up their children.’ Freud’s psychodynamic theory suggests that you are born with ID, this operates on the impulsive and unconscious part of our psyche which responds directly and immediately to the instincts, it consists of all the inherited components of personality, including the sex instinct ‘Eros’(which contains the libido) and the aggressive (death) instinct
He thought that our thoughts, actions and everyday behaviour are caused by unconscious motives and conflicts. Freud’s theory divided human personality into three parts: the Id, the Ego and the Superego. Id (pleasure principle functioning) is the storage unit for all psychic energy, the primitive, instinctive component of personality. It is the raw, unorganized, inborn part of our personality and represents the primary drives of hunger, sex, aggression, and irrational impulses. This part always wants immediate gratification of urges, the goal is to maximize satisfaction and reduce tension.
Sigmund Freud was a neurologist know for developing theories on psychoanalysis. He was a psychologist and had a big influence on how we see personality today. Freud used the idea of an unconscious in order to understand how and why people act the way that they do. The goal of his work was to understand the human psychological development and a lot of what is known about personality come from his research. Sigmund Freud developed a psychoanalytic theory of personality through development.
Sigmund Freud was born in Freiberg on May 6, 1856 (Gay,1989). Freud is considered as one of the greatest thinkers of all-time. He is famous on his ideas of dreams, childhood sexualities, use of cocaine, and the role of the unconsciousness. Freud believed he discovered mysteries of the mind, which he called psychoanalysis. Freud believed that psychoanalysis was a new science; however, many medical expects opposed the idea of psychoanalysis as a science.
Freud attempted to explore the unconscious part of the mind by a method, which is called "free association" in which a person is being asked to say whatever crosses the conscious mind no matter how ridiculous, shocking or trivial it might seem. He strongly believed that early experiences in life influences adulthood and that a child goes through psychosexual stages in which distinctive areas of the body called "erogenous zones" take on specific importance. At the Oral Stage the ego is not yet developed and the infant derives great pleasure putting anything in the mouth and sucking on it. At this stage infants get great sensual pleasure from sucking and putting things in their mouths. Infants at this stage suck anything they can put into their mouths.
According to this theory, parts of our personality develop as we move through a series of psychological stages. Each of these stages is characterised by different demands for sexual gratification and by different methods of achieving that gratification. Freud claimed that if, as growing human beings, we do not receive an appropriate amount of gratification, we may become fixated in a particular stage which means, that we continue to have the same demands for gratification that we had at that stage, and this will remain with us for the rest of our lives, and will affect adult behaviour. What follows are the individual stages: Oral stage (birth to about 15 months) characteristic by oral stage drives.
Freud argues that the unconscious molds the personality as it accommodates the id, the ego, and superego (Freud, 1962). Essentially, the id is primitive and is widely believed to already exist at the time of birth. It acts on the pleasure principle, which thrives on hedonism and abstains from pain. However, the id is detached from reality so it can only obtain gratification indirectly such as through reflex actions and mental images (Morris & Maisto, 2013).
Freud also drove a strong movement that sex drive is the most important motivating force. “He went on to identify that at times in our lives we find different areas on our bodies pleasurable and today these are known as erogenous zones. These ideas mixed together to form Freud’s Psychosexual Stage Theory which is still taught in textbooks today”. This theory consisted of five different stages. The first is the oral stage, in it a newborns to eighteen month old infants find pleasure from the mouth, specifically, sucking.
Introduction This essay is based on the comparison of psychosexual theories of Sigmund Freud and psychosocial theory of Erik Erikson. In this essay, similarities and the differences between these two theories are explained and outlined. The two famous theories of development are Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory and Erik